Immunmonitoring bei SIRS und Sepsis auf Grundlage des PIRO-Modells

Zusammenfassung

Sepsis stellt eine lebensbedrohliche Erkrankung dar, deren Pathogenese durch ein komplexes Zusammenwirken von Infektionserregern und Immunsystem charakterisiert ist. Das Monitoring immunologischer Parameter in Sepsispatienten und Patienten mit erhöhtem Sepsisrisiko kann helfen, prädisponierende Faktoren, den aktuellen Funktionszustand des Immunsystems sowie infektionsspezifische Reaktionsmuster zu erkennen und daraus personalisierte Therapiestrategien zu entwickeln. Ausgehend von dem PIRO-Modell als pathophysiologisch ausgerichtetem Konzept zur Entwicklung einer neuen Sepsis-Klassifikation fassen wir einige der aktuell angewandten bzw. diskutierten Parameter zum Immunmonitoring bei SIRS und Sepsis zusammen.

Summary

Sepsis is a life-threatening disease characterized by a complex interaction between pathogens and the immune system. The analysis of immune parameters in patients with sepsis or at risk for sepsis may help to identify predisposing factors and infection-specific reaction patterns, as well as to monitor the current functional state of the immune system. This may lead to personalized therapeutic strategies for improving outcome in sepsis. Based on the PIRO model (predisposition, insult, response, organ dysfunction), a pathophysiologically-oriented concept for the development of a new sepsis classification, this article reviews currently used and new parameters for immunmonitoring in SIRS (systemic inflammtory response syndrome) and sepsis.

Schlüsselwörter

SIRS - Sepsis - PIRO-Modell - Immunmonitoring - pro-inflammatorisch - anti-inflammatorisch - Immunparalyse

Keywords

systemic inflammatory response syndrom (SIRS) - sepsis - PIRO model - immune monitoring - pro-inflammatory - anti-inflammatory - immunoparalysis

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