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DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1109651
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Therapeutische Optionen in der Behandlung des malignen Melanoms der Bindehaut
Treatment Modalities for Conjunctival MelanomaPublication History
Eingegangen: 2.4.2009
Angenommen: 7.7.2009
Publication Date:
15 December 2009 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Aufgrund der hohen Rezidivrate nach Bindhautmelanomexzision wird eine adjuvante lokale Chemotherapie oder eine Bestrahlung empfohlen. Als mögliche Bestrahlungsarten stehen die Röntgenoberflächenbestrahlung, die Ruthenium-106-Applikatorbestrahlung (106Ru) oder die Kontaktbestrahlung mit dem Strontium-90-Applikator (90Sr) zur Verfügung. Als eine adjuvante lokale Chemotherapie steht mit Mitomycin C (MMC) zur Verfügung. Patienten und Methoden: Bei 56 Patienten wurde in den Jahren 1992 – 2007 ein Bindehautmelanom exzidiert und histologisch gesichert. Die durchschnittliche Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug 42 Monate (12 – 151 Monate). Das Durchschnittsalter betrug 62 Jahre (28 – 86 Jahre). Als adjuvante Therapien wurde eine Röntgenoberflächenbestrahlung (n = 15), die Ruthenium-106-Applikatorbestrahlung (106Ru) (n = 12) oder die Kontaktbestrahlung mit dem Strontium-90-Applikator (90Sr) (n = 16) durchgeführt. Vier Patienten erhielten eine Protonentherapie. Bei 13 Patienten wurde eine Exenteratio durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Bei 12 Patienten (21 %) kam es in den bestrahlten und benachbarten Arealen zu einem Rezidiv. 13 Patienten (22 %) wiesen neue Tumoren in nicht bestrahlten Bindehautarealen auf. Bei zehn Patienten (18 %) kam es im Beobachtungszeitraum zu Metastasen. Schlussfolgerungen: Mit der adjuvanten Strahlentherapie lässt sich eine lokale Tumorkontrolle erreichen. Es ließen sich keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den unterschiedlichen Therapien hinsichtlich Metastasierungsrate und Rezidivrate finden.
Abstract
Background: Because of high local recurrence rates after excision of conjunctival melanoma adjuvant local chemotherapy employing mitomycin C (MMC) or irradiation is recommended. Brachytherapy is possible with ruthenium-106-plaques (106Ru) or with the strontium-90-plaques (90Sr). Patients and Methods: Fifty-six patients received an excision and adjuvant radiotherapy of conjunctival melanoma between 1992 and 2007. The mean follow-up was 42 months (12 – 151 months). Mean age was 62 (28– 86) years. As an adjuvant radiotherapy 15 patients received X-ray irradiation, 12 patients received 106Ru-brachytherapy, 4 patients received proton beam therapy and 16 patients with conjunctival melanoma were treated with adjuvant strontium-90 brachytherapy after tumour excision. Four patients received proton beam irradiation and in 13 patients an exenteratio was performed. Results: Twelve patients (21 %) developed tumour recurrences in or adjacent to the irradiated area. Thirteen patients (22 %) showed a recurrence distant from the primary site. Ten patients (18 %) developed systemic metastasis during follow-up. Seven patients (46 %) had no recurrence during the follow-up. Three patients (20 %) had a recurrence in the treated or adjacent areas. Eight patients (53 %) developed new tumours in non-treated areas. Conclusions: Adjuvant radiotherapy allows an acceptable local tumour control rate after excision of conjunctival melanoma. No obvious differences regarding tumour control or systemic metastasis could be seen between the different modes of radiotherapy used.
Schlüsselwörter
Bindehautmelanom - Strontium 90 - Kontaktbestrahlung - Tumorexzision - Rezidivrate
Key words
conjunctival melanoma - strontium - brachytherapy - tumour excision - recurrence rate
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