Zusammenfassung
Die dynamische Lichtstreuung (DLS) (quasielastische Lichtstreuung, Photon Korrelationsspektroskopie)
misst die Brown’sche Bewegung von Makromolekülen (MM). Kleine MM bewegen sich schnell,
große langsam. DLS misst die mit diesen Bewegungen verknüpften Lichtemissionen. Daraus
lässt sich mit einigen Zusatzannahmen die Relaxation dieser MM-Bewegungen berechnen
sowie die hydrodynamischen Diffusionskoeffizienten solcher MM in kolloidaler Lösung.
Zahlreiche pathologische Störungen im Bereich der transparenten Medien des Auges,
aber auch allgemeine Krankheiten, wie die Alzheimersche Krankheit, die Atherosklerose
sowie andere Alterskrankheiten können durch eine abnorme Verklumpung (Kondensation,
Agglutination) von MM erklärt werden. Medikamente, wie das Panthetine, wirken auf
die Ionenstärke solcher MM und können Verklumpungen verhindern. Sie sind im Tierversuch
hochwirksam und es besteht die Hoffnung, dass solche Medikamente auch beim Menschen
wirksam werden dürften. Statische Lichtstreuung (SLS) (Tyndallometrie, Nephelometrie)
kann das Gewicht von Streupartikeln messen aber nicht, wie die DLS, die Größe von
MM.
Abstract
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measures the oscillations of macromolecules (MM) (Brownian
motion). Small MM move fast, large MM slowly. DLS allows one to measure the relaxation
of the movements of these MM, together with their sizes and their hydrodynamic diffusion
coefficients. By DLS not only the pathogenesis of a large number of eye diseases but
also those of general diseases may be determined. The origin of this class of diseases
is the condensation (agglutination) of MM. Medicaments, such as Panthetine, have been
shown to be effective in animal experiments by acting on the ionic strength of disturbed
MM. They may have a fair chance to be effective also in humans. Static light scattering
(tyndallometry, nephelometry) (SLS) is able to determine the weight of MM, but however
their shape, as DLS can.
Schlüsselwörter
Dynamische Lichtstreuung - Quasielastische Lichtstreuung - Photonen Korrelationsspektroskopie
Key words
dynamic light scattering - quasi-elastic light scattering - photon correlation spectroscopy
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S884
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