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Planta Med 2009; 75(8): 829-835
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1185436
Pharmacology
Original Paper
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Evaluation of Chikusetsusaponin IV a Isolated from Alternanthera philoxeroides for Its Potency Against Viral Replication

Ariya Rattanathongkom1 , Jung-Bum Lee2 , Kyoko Hayashi2 , Bung-orn Sripanidkulchai3 , 4 , Tripetch Kanchanapoom3 , Toshimitsu Hayashi2
  • 1Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
  • 2Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
  • 3Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
  • 4Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Further Information

Publication History

received October 24, 2008 revised January 27, 2009

accepted January 29, 2009

Publication Date:
10 March 2009 (online)

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Abstract

Chikusetsusaponin IV a and calenduloside E were isolated from the whole plant of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb (Amaranthaceae) and evaluated for their antiviral activities. Chikusetsusaponin IV a showed antiviral activities against HSV-1, HSV-2, human cytomegalovirus, measles virus, and mumps virus with selectivity indices (CC50/IC50) of 29, 30, 73, 25, and 25, respectively. On the other hand, calenduloside E showed no antiviral effects against any of the viruses tested. The mode of HSV-2 action of chikusetsusaponin IV a was determined under different experimental conditions. The anti-HSV-2 target of the compound might be mainly related to direct inactivation of virus particles and to the inhibition of release of progeny viruses from infected cells, but it is not related to inhibition of viral attachment, cell penetration, and viral protein synthesis. This compound also provided in vivo efficacy in a mouse model of genital herpes caused by HSV-2. These results demonstrate that chikusetsusaponin IVa might be a candidate of antiherpetic agents.

Key words

Alternanthera philoxeroides (Amarantheaceae) - chikusetsusaponin IV a - antiviral activity - herpes simplex virus type 2 - genital herpes

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Prof. Dr. Toshimitsu Hayashi

Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research
University of Toyama

2630 Sugitani

Toyama 930-0194

Japan

Phone: + 81 7 64 34 75 60

Fax: + 81 7 64 34 51 70

Email: hayashi9@pha.u-toyama.ac.jp