Das tripelnegative/basale Mammakarzinom

Zusammenfassung

Das Mammakarzinom wird zunehmend als eine heterogene Gruppe individueller Mammakarzinomsubtypen verstanden. Diese Subgruppen unterscheiden sich sowohl (molekular-)pathologisch als auch klinisch. Der basale/tripelnegative Subtyp zeichnet sich durch eine fehlende Expression des Östrogenrezeptors (estrogen receptor, ER), des Progesteronrezeptors (PR) und des Her-2-Onkoproteins aus. Patientinnen mit einem tripelnegativen Mammakarzinom sind gekennzeichnet durch eine schlechte Prognose trotz einer hohen Ansprechrate gegenüber der systemischen Chemotherapie. Insbesondere Patientinnen, die nach der Primärtherapie ein Rezidiv erleiden, haben eine äußerst schlechte Überlebensprognose, nicht zuletzt aufgrund mangelnder Therapiealternativen. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist die Optimierung bestehender Therapieformen sowie die Entwicklung neuer systemischer Therapien für Patientinnen dieses Mammakarzinomsubtyps von besonderer Wichtigkeit.

Abstract

Breast cancer is increasingly understood as a heterogeneous mixture of individual subtypes which differ with regard to molecular, pathological and clinical features. The basal/triple negative subtype is characterized by the lack of expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), the progesterone receptor (PR) and the Her-2 oncogene. Patients bearing this unfavorable subtype suffer from an unfavorable prognosis despite increased response to systemic chemotherapy. Particularly those patients experiencing disease recurrence following primary therapy of their triple negative primary breast cancer have a poor prognosis, which is largely due to limited therapeutic options. In order to improve the prognosis of these individuals, clinical and basic research efforts should aim for an optimization of current treatments as well as the implementation of new therapies.

Schlüsselwörter

Mammakarzinom - tripelnegativ - basal - neoadjuvante Chemotherapie - gezielte Therapie

Key words

breast cancer - triple negative - basal - neoadjuvant chemotherapy - targeted therapy

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