Implantation Dermoid and Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans: Rare Complications after Hypospadias Repair: Case Gallery and Review of Relevant Literature

Introduction

Hypospadias repair is one of the commonest surgeries performed by pediatric surgeons. There are various types of hypospadias repair, and all are associated with specific complications. The complications reported include poor cosmetic appearance, urethral fistulas, urethral strictures, urethroceles, and meatal stenosis, urethral prolapse, sticking meatus, meatal retraction and urethral stones [17]. Multiple factors are responsible for these complications. Rarely, balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) complicating hypospadias repair has also been reported [11] [20]. Extensive electronic search of the pediatric surgery literature did not reveal any case report of an implantation dermoid after hypospadias repair. However, it has been reported after other genital surgeries such as circumcision [6] and after female genital mutilation in African countries [16]. We report a case of implantation dermoid occurring after transverse prepucial onlay island flap urethroplasty for penoscrotal hypospadias. Interestingly, the child had also developed BXO over the neo-urethra and glans penis after surgery. This adds to the vast number of complications reported in hypospadiology.

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