Abstract
Amnesia is characterized by the inability to form memories or total or partial loss
of memory secondary to cerebral malfunction following degenerative diseases, cerebral
infections, traumatic injuries and emotional events which could be differentiated
from dementia. However, no effective treatment for amnesia is currently available.
Much research effort has been focused on developing new drugs from herbal medicines
which have multifunctional properties. Novel plant extracts and their major or bioactive
components including alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and saponins with promising
antioxidant effects, various effects on cholinergic, GABAergic, glutaminergic, serotonergic,
catecholaminergic and histaminergic systems, enhancement of cerebral blood flow and
elevation of ribonucleic acid (RNA) as well as protein levels have been studied. In
this review, we discuss the research findings on novel plant extracts and their bioactives
with anti-amnesic effects on different neurotransmitter systems. Developing new drugs
from herbal medicines for the treatment of amnesia is a hopeful attempt to meet the
unmet medical needs.
Key words
amnesia - herbal medicines - cholinergic system - GABAergic system - glutaminergic
system - memory enhancement
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Dr. Hong Xi Xu
Hong Kong Jockey Club Institute of Chinese Medicine
Unit 703, 7/F
Bio-Informatics Centre
Hong Kong Science Park
Shatin
Hong Kong
People's Republic of China
Telefon: + 85 2 34 06 28 73
Fax: + 85 2 35 51 73 33
eMail: xuhongxi@hkjcicm.org
