Echtzeit-fMRT

F. Scharnowski; K. Mathiak; N. Weiskopf

doi:10.1055/s-0029-1242755

Klinische Neurophysiologie, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Klinische Neurophysiologie 2009; 40(4): 214-221
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242755

Originalia

Echtzeit-fMRT

Real-Time fMRIF. Scharnowski¹ ^, ² , K. Mathiak³ , N. Weiskopf¹

¹Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
²Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, United Kingdom
³Department Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, JARA-Brain, RWTH Aachen University, Germany

Abstract

Zusammenfassung

Technische Neuerungen auf dem Gebiet der funktionellen Magnetresonanztomografie (fMRT) erlauben es, die Messergebnisse in Echtzeit verfügbar zu machen. Dies ermöglicht völlig neue Einsatzmöglichkeiten der fMRT. Im vorliegenden Übersichtsartikel werden die technischen Voraussetzungen der Echtzeit-fMRT, sowie die wissenschaftlichen und klinischen Innovationsmöglichkeiten erläutert. Insbesondere wird die Anwendung der willentlichen Kontrolle über Hirnaktivität in abgegrenzten Hirnarealen mittels fMRT-Neurofeedbacks diskutiert. Des Weiteren, werden die Anwendung der Echtzeit-fMRT als Gehirn-Computer-Schnittstelle etwa zur Kommunikation mit Patienten im Wachkoma, sowie die intraoperative Echtzeit-fMRT erläutert.

Abstract

As a result of recent technological advances in the field of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the results can now be made available in real-time. This makes completely new applications possible. In this review, we discuss the technical requirements and new applications of real-time fMRI. In particular, we elaborate on the possibility to learn to voluntarily control brain activity in circumscribed brain areas with the help of fMRI-based neurofeedback. In addition, we consider real-time fMRI for brain-computer interfaces to communicate with vegetative state patients, as well as intraoperative real-time fMRI.

Schlüsselwörter

funktionelle Magnetresonanztomografie (fMRT) - Selbstregulation von Hirnaktivität - Neurofeedback - Gehirn-Computer-Schnittstelle

Key words

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) - self-regulation of brain activity - neurofeedback - brain-computer interface

Volltext

Referenzen

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Korrespondenzadresse

Dr. N. Weiskopf

Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging

UCL Institute of Neurology

University College London

12 Queen Square

London WC1N 3BG

United Kingdom

eMail: n.weiskopf@fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk