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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245754
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Keratektasie nach refraktiver Chirurgie
Keratectasia after Refractive SurgeryPublication History
Eingegangen: 10.2.2010
Angenommen: 10.9.2010
Publication Date:
24 November 2010 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die refraktive Chirurgie ist in den letzten Jahren immer populärer geworden. Eine der schwerwiegendsten Komplikationen ist die iatrogene Keratektasie. In dieser Arbeit soll der gegenwärtige Stand des Wissens dargestellt werden. Methoden: Es wurde eine Literaturrecherche (Medline) nach den Begriffen Keratektasie, Komplikation nach refraktiver Chirurgie und Cross-Linking durchgeführt. Daneben wurden eigene Daten aus zum Teil unveröffentlichten Studien verwendet. Ergebnisse: Seit der ersten Publikation einer Keratektasie im Jahr 1998 wird immer häufiger über iatrogene Keratektasien berichtet. Ein gehäuftes Auftreten war Ende der 90er-Jahre festzustellen. Hauptrisikofaktor ist eine Irregularität der präoperativen Topografie. Risikofaktoren für eine Keratektasie nach refraktiver Chirurgie sind jedoch auch eine dünne Hornhaut, tiefe Abtragungen, ein dünnes Restroma und ein junges Patientenalter. Diskussion: Obwohl immer genauere Voruntersuchungen durchgeführt werden und die Indikationsbereiche für eine refraktive Chirurgie immer stärker eingeschränkt worden sind, kommt es immer noch zu iatrogenen Keratektasien. Daher muss Patienten eine längere Nachbeobachtungszeit empfohlen werden, um eine Keratektasie frühzeitig zu erkennen und gegebenenfalls zu therapieren.
Abstract
Background: Refractive surgery has become more and more popular in the past years. One of the most severe complications is iatrogenic keratectasia. The purpose of this article is to review the current knowledge about iatrogenic keratectasia. Method. A literature research (Medline) using the key words keratectasia, complication after refractive surgery and cross-linking was carried out. Apart from this, our own data from partially unpublished studies have been used. Results: Since the first publication of keratectasia in 1998 more and more cases of keratectasia have been published. The main risk factor is a preoperative irregular topography. But also thin corneas, deep ablations, thin residual stromal beds and young patients age at the time of the laser surgery are further risk factors. Discussion: Although preoperative examinations before refractive surgery are becoming more and more accurate and the inclusion criteria for laser ablation have become stricter, iatrogenic keratectasia still occurs. Therefore longer follow-up visits should be performed over a longer period to diagnose keratectasia in an early stage and to provide therapy.
Schlüsselwörter
Keratektasie - LASIK - PRK - Cross-Linking
Key words
keratectasia - LASIK - PRK - cross-linking
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PD Dr. Christoph Winkler von Mohrenfels
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