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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245829
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Die oft unterschätzte Tiefenausdehnung von Xanthelasmen – eine histologische Studie
The Underestimated Depth of Tissue Invasion of Xanthelasma – a Histological StudyPublikationsverlauf
Eingegangen: 29.7.2010
Angenommen: 29.9.2010
Publikationsdatum:
19. Januar 2011 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Tiefenausdehnung von Xanthelasmen hat entscheidende Bedeutung für die Wahl eines geeigneten Operationsverfahrens. Operative Befunde lassen vermuten, dass Xanthelasmen entgegen bisheriger Berichte keinesfalls auf die oberflächliche Dermis beschränkt bleiben, sondern durchaus die gesamte Dermis durchsetzen und bis in die Orbicularismuskulatur reichen können. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurde die Tiefenausdehnung von Xanthelasmen an histologischen Präparaten gemessen. Material und Methode: Wir werteten 100 Xanthelasmen aus, die zwischen 1993 und 2006 bei 78 Patienten chirurgisch entfernt wurden. Histologische Schnitte des exzidierten Gewebes wurden lichtmikroskopisch untersucht und die Tiefenausdehnung der Xanthelasmen mit dem digitalen Bildanalysesystem AnalySIS® von Soft Imaging System gemessen. Die Messung erfolgte vom Übergang Epidermis/Dermis zu der am tiefsten liegenden „Xanthelasma”-Zelle (fetthaltiger Makrophage). Zudem wurde die Tiefenausdehnung danach unterschieden, ob die Xanthelasmen bis in die Dermis, bis angrenzend an oder bis in das Stratum musculare hinein reichten. Ergebnisse: Die Dicke der Xanthelasmen lag zwischen 502,9 µm und 4429,5 µm (m = 1443,6 µm, M = 1333,6 µm, SD 716,1). In 58 % der Präparate reichten die Fettablagerungen bis in die Dermis (m = 1275,9 µm, SD 571,0), in 15 % der Präparate grenzten sie bis an das Stratum musculare (m = 1426,2 µm, SD 534,8) und in 27 % der Präparate reichten sie hinein (m = 1813,4 µm, SD 937,6). Schlussfolgerung: Unsere Untersuchungen bestätigen die Vermutung, dass ein beträchtlicher Teil, nämlich 42 % der Xanthelasmen, vollständig durch die Dermis reichen und an das Stratum musculare angrenzen oder sogar hineinreichen. Diese Xanthelasmen sollten nicht durch eine oberflächliche Lasertherapie behandelt, sondern besser chirurgisch exzidiert werden.
Abstract
Background: The depth of tissue invasion of xanthelasma is of major importance in selecting the most suitable surgical procedure. Intraoperative findings let one assume, that despite the common presumption, xanthelasma are not limited to the superior dermis but that they may penetrate the entire dermis and reach into the orbicularis muscle. In this study the depth of tissue invasion of xanthelasma was measured in histological specimens. Materials and Methods: Between 1993 and 2006 100 xanthelasmata of 78 patients were surgically removed and analysed. Histological specimens were examined by light microscopy and the depth of tissue invasion by fat-containing macrophages was measured using the digital picture analysis system AnalySIS® of Soft Imaging System Inc. The distance from the epidermis/dermis junction to the deepest ”xanthelasma” cell (fat-containing macrophage) was measured. In addition, we classified the cases into 3 categories: 1) invasion into the dermis, 2) invasion adjacent to and 3) invasion into the stratum musculare. Results: The thickness of the xanthelasmata ranged between 502.9 µm und 4429.5 µm (m = 1443.6 µm, M = 1333.6 µm, SD 716.1). In 58 % of specimens lipid-containing macrophages infiltrated the dermis (m = 1275.9 µm, SD 571.0), in 15 % of specimens they touched the stratum musculare (m = 1426.2 µm, SD 534.8) and in 27 % of specimens they even infiltrated this layer (m = 1813.4 µm, SD 937.6). Conclusions: This study confirms our hypothesis that a significant part, namely 42 % of the xanthelasmata, infiltrates the entire dermis and reaches the stratum musculare or even invades into this layer. These xanthelasmata should not be treated by superficial laser therapy but should be better excised surgically.
Schlüsselwörter
Auge - Tumor - Xanthelasma - Histologie - Therapie - Laser
Key words
eye - tumour - xanthelasma - histology - treatment - laser
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Prof. Dr. Hans Mittelviefhaus
Universitäts-Augenklinik Freiburg
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