Zusammenfassung
Elektive Aneurysma-Operationen an der abdominellen Aorta und Notfalleingriffe im Stadium
der Ruptur nehmen in den letzten Jahren an deutschen Krankenhäusern zu. Die Letalität
der Patienten mit rupturierten abdominellen Aneurysmen (rAAA) liegt dabei über die
Jahre konstant zwischen 30 % und 40 %. Durch die hohe Komplikationsrate steigt die
Gesamtletalität auf über 80 % und zeigt damit eine äußerst schlechte Prognose. Demgegenüber
stehen exzellente Ergebnisse der elektiven Chirurgie. Mit der Ultraschalldiagnostik
steht eine kostengünstige und technisch einfache, für den Patienten nicht belastende
Methode zur Detektion des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas zur Verfügung. Anhand einer
elektronischen Medline-Literaturrecherche sowie der Auswertung der Daten aus der
„Freiwilligen Qualitätssicherung abdominelles Aortenaneurysma 2008“ der deutschen
Gesellschaft für Gefäßchirurgie und Gefäßmedizin (DGG) soll in diesem Übersichtsartikel
die kritische Analyse zur Effektivität und Kosteneffizienz eines ultraschallgestützten
Screening-Programms zur Früherkennung abdomineller Aortenaneurysmen diskutiert werden.
Die Epidemiologie des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas wird dargestellt und die aktuelle
Situation in Deutschland erläutert. Dazu werden 4 randomisierte Studien zum Thema
Aortenscreening sowie die hieraus erfolgte Metaanalyse analysiert und die daraus abgeleiteten
Empfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gefäßchirurgie und Gefäßmedizin (DGG)
dargestellt.
Abstract
There are increasing numbers of elective surgeries not only for abdominal aortic aneurysm
repair but also for emergencies because of ruptured aneurysms (rAAA). Mortality rates
of rAAA up to 40–50 % have remained unchanged for years. Because of the elevated incidence
of complications in rAAA, the overall mortality is at least 80 % and shows a dismal
prognosis for this group of patients. With ultrasonography, a cost-efficient, technically
simple and safe method with high sensitivity is available for detecting abdominal
aortic aneurysms. On the basis on an electronic Medline literature search and evaluation
of data from the “voluntary quality assurance for abdominal aortic aneurysms 2008”
of the German Society of Vascular Surgery (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gefäßchirurgie
und Gefäßmedizin DGG), this review presents critical analysis of the efficacy and
cost-efficiency of an ultrasound-based screening programme for the early detection
of abdominal aortic aneurysms. In this systematic review of the literature on AAA
screening, a description of epidemiology and current situation concerning AAA in
Germany will be given. The evaluation of 4 randomised studies for ultrasonic AAA screening
is discussed and the recommendations of the German Society of Vascular Surgery concerning
screening for AAA are highlighted.
Schlüsselwörter
Aneurysma - Aortenaneurysma - Screening - Sonografie - rupturiertes Bauchaortenaneurysma
Key words
aneurysm - aortic aneurysm - screening - ultrasound - ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
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Erratum
A. Hyhlik-Dürr, S. Debus, H.-H. Eckstein, W. Lang, T. Schmitz-Rixen, D. Böckler
Screening des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas mit Ultraschall – Zahlen, Daten, Fakten
Zentralbl Chir 2010; 135: 403–408
Der Artikel enthält einen Fehler in der Schreibweise eines der Autoren. Der Name des
einen Autors muss D. Böckler lauten, nicht D. Boeckler.
Außerdem muss der englische Titel korrekt lauten: Ultrasound Screening in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm – Numbers, Data, Facts.
A. Hyhlik-Dürr
Universität Heidelberg · Gefäßchirurgie
Im Neuenheimer Feld 110
69120 Heidelberg
Deutschland
Telefon: 0 62 21 / 5 63 80 49
Fax: 0 62 21 / 56 54 23
eMail: ahduerr@web.de