Tumorstammzellen und Metastasierung

Zusammenfassung

Die grundlegenden Mechanismen von Tumorentstehung, Tumorinvasion und Metastasierung sind weiterhin nur teilweise aufgeklärt. Tumorstammzellen und die sogenannte Epithelio-Mesenchymale Transition (EMT) sind an diesen onkologischen Phänomenen vermutlich zentral beteiligt. Tumorstammzellen, die nach unserem derzeitigen Wissen bei der Tumorentstehung und -persistenz eine wichtige Rolle spielen, werden anhand ihrer Eigenschaften operational definiert. Die EMT bezeichnet die aberrante Aktivierung eines embryonalen Programms in Tumorzellen an der Tumorinvasionsfront. Sie ist vermutlich bei der Tumorinvasion und Metastasierung von Bedeutung. Aktuelle Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass EMT und Tumorstammzelleigenschaften in engem Zusammenhang stehen. So ergeben sich neue Erklärungsmodelle für Tumorentstehung und Metastasierung. 

Abstract

The underlying mechanisms of cancer development, invasion and metastasis are still only partly unraveled. Cancer stem cells (CSC) and the so-called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) seem to contribute to these oncological phenomena. Cancer stem cells which, according to our present knowledge, play an important role in tumour development and persistence, are operationally defined. The embryonic programme of EMT is activated aberrantly in cancer cells at the invasive front and seems to contribute to tumour invasion and metastasis. Recent observations suggest that the EMT and CSC traits are closely related. This provides new explanatory models for cancer development and metastasis. 

Schlüsselwörter

Metastase - kolorektales Karzinom - Tumorwachstum

Key words

metastasis - colorectal carcinoma - tumour growth

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