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DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1249968
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Perioperative Morbidität bei lumbaler Bandscheibenprothesenimplantation
Perioperative Morbidity in Lumbar Disc ReplacementPublication History
Publication Date:
16 August 2010 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Der Goldstandard in der operativen Versorgung der degenerativen Bandscheibenerkrankung ist seit vielen Jahren die interkorporelle Fusion. Die Problematik der Anschlusssegmentdegeneration durch Immobilisierung eines oder mehrerer Wirbelsäulensegmente nach Fusion förderte die Entwicklung nicht fusionierender Verfahren, deren bekanntester Vertreter die Bandscheibenprothese darstellt. Die Untersuchung der perioperativen Morbidität bei lumbalem Bandscheibenersatz war Gegenstand der vorliegenden Untersuchung. Methode: 66 Patienten wurden im Zeitraum von 2001 bis 2007 78 lumbale Bandscheibenprothesen implantiert. Retrospektiv wurden patientenspezifische Daten (Komorbiditäten, Art und Anzahl der Voroperationen), der perioperative Blutverlust, Anzahl und Höhe der versorgten Segmente, die Operationsdauer sowie allgemeine und technische Komplikationen analysiert. Ergebnisse: Bei 54 Patienten erfolgte eine mono-, bei 12 eine bisegmentale Implantation. Im Gesamtkollektiv betrug die durchschnittliche Operationszeit 112 min bei einem durchschnittlichen Blutverlust von 560 ml. Weder Art bzw. Anzahl der Komorbiditäten, Voroperationen, Operationsdauer oder versorgte Segmenthöhe hatten Einfluss auf das Auftreten einer perioperativen Komplikation. Ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zeigte sich für die mehrsegmentale Versorgung sowie den intraoperativen Blutverlust. Das Komplikationsspektrum umfasste bezüglich allgemeiner Komplikationen bei 6 Personen (9 %) Harnwegsinfektionen. Die technischen Komplikationen setzten sich wie folgt zusammen: 4 Personen (6 %) mit einem transfusionspflichtigen intraoperativen Blutverlust (> 1500 ml), 1 Person (1,5 %) mit Verletzung der V. iliaca, 1 Person (1,5 %) mit retrograder Ejakulation und 1 Person (1,5 %) mit Duraverletzung und konsekutiver intraspinaler Infektion. Schlussfolgerung: Die perioperative Morbidität bei lumbaler Bandscheibenprothesenimplantation im vorliegenden Kollektiv erbrachte eine weitgehende Übereinstimmung mit bisher publizierten Daten und scheint vergleichbar mit der perioperativen Morbidität bei interkorporellen Fusionsoperationen zu sein.
Abstract
Aim: For several years now interbody fusion has been the gold standard procedure for treating degenerative disc disease. The problem of adjacent disc degeneration after interbody arthrodesis led to the development of non-fusion techniques. The device which best represents the philosophy of spine arthroplasty is the total lumbar disc replacement (TDR). An analysis of the perioperative morbidity of lumbar disc replacement was carried out in the current study. Method: 66 patients underwent lumbar disc replacement between 2001 and 2007. 78 protheses were implanted. Retrospectively patient-related variables (comorbidity, prior surgeries), perioperative blood loss, number and levels operated on, operation duration and technical and general complications were analysed. Results: 54 patients had mono- and 12 patients bisegmental TDR. The mean operation time was 112 minutes with an average blood loss of 560 mL. Neither the type of comorbidity, prior surgery, operation duration, nor level operated on had an influence on the occurrence of perioperative morbidity. A significant influence could be shown for the number of levels operated on and the intraoperative blood loss. General complications were seen in 6 persons (9 %) with urinary tract infection, technical complications occurred in 4 persons (6 %) with severe blood loss (> 1500 mL) and erythrocyte/plasma substitution, 1 person (1.5 %) with an injury of the iliac vein, 1 person (1.5 %) with retrograde ejaculation and 1 person (1.5 %) with dural tear and consecutive epidural infection. Conclusion: In our study the perioperative morbidity of lumbar disc replacement was similar to the data published so far and seems to be comparable with the perioperative morbidity of lumbar interbody fusion.
Schlüsselwörter
Bandscheibenprothese - Morbidität - lumbal
Key words
disc replacement - morbidity - lumbar discs
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Dr. Manuel Däxle
Orthopädisches Universitätsklinikum am RKU
Oberer Eselsberg 45
89031 Ulm
Phone: 07 31/1 77 51 27
Fax: 07 31/1 77 11 84
Email: manuel.daexle@rku.de