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DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1250166
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
DNA Barcoding of Panax Species
Publication History
received March 8, 2010
revised June 18, 2010
accepted June 30, 2010
Publication Date:
27 August 2010 (online)
Abstract
Ginsengs (Panax, Araliaceae) are among the plants best known for their medicinal properties. Many ginseng species are endangered due to over-exploitation of natural resources – a situation difficult to remedy while there are no reliable, practical methods for species identification. We screened eleven candidate DNA barcoding loci to establish an accurate and effective Panax species identification system, both for commercial and conservation purposes. We used 95 ginseng samples, representing all the species in the genus. We found considerable differences in the performance of the potential barcoding regions. The sequencing of atpF-atpH was unsuccessful due to poly-N structures. The rbcL, rpoB, and rpoC1 regions were found to be mostly invariable, with only four to eight variable sites. Using matK, psbK‐I, psbM-trnD, rps16 and nad1, we could identify four to six out of eight considerably divergent species but only one to five out of nineteen clusters within the P. bipinnatifidus species group. psbA-trnH and ITS were the most variable loci, working very well both in species and cluster identifications. We demonstrated that the combination of psbA-trnH and ITS is sufficient for identifying all the species and clusters in the genus.
Key words
DNA barcoding - Panax - Araliaceae - ginseng - locus evaluation
- Supporting Information for this article is available online at
- Supporting Information .
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Prof. Dr. Jun Wen (Author responsible for plant material)
Department of Botany
United States National Herbarium
National Museum of Natural History
MRC-166
Smithsonian Institution
Washington, DC 20013-7012
USA
Phone: +12 0 26 33 48 81
Fax: +12 0 27 86 25 63
Email: wenj@si.edu
Prof. Dr. Shiliang Zhou (Author responsible for DNA barcoding)
State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany
Institute of Botany
The Chinese Academy of Sciences
100093 Beijing
People's Republic of China
Phone: +86 10 62 83 65 03
Fax: +86 10 62 59 08 43
Email: slzhou@ibcas.ac.cn
- www.thieme-connect.de/ejournals/toc/plantamedica