In der Pferdeorthopädie eingesetzte NSAIDs – ein Überblick

Summary

Musculoskeletal pain is associated to inflammatory conditions of the locomotive system and is very frequent in horses. Osteoarthritis is even the most common reason for retirement of equine athletes from competition. NSAIDs are the most prescribed drugs in the practice in order to treat these conditions and the associated pain. However the majority are not appropriate for long-term application, mainly because of the gastrointestinal ulcers they provoke through inhibition of the COX-1. These side effects are attenuated when preferential COX-2 inhibitors are employed and prevented if more modern selective COX-2 inhibitors are used. The current NSAIDs approved in horses in Germany are discussed in details in this review article.

Key words

pain - analgesia - musculoskeletal - NSAID - COX‐2

Literatur

• 1 Baller L S, Hendrickson D A. Management of equine orthopaedic pain.  Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2002;  18 117-131
• 2 Back W, McAllister C G, van Heel M C, Pollmeier M, Hanson P D. The use of force plate measurements to titrate the dosage of a new COX-2 inhibitor in lame horses.  Equine Vet J. 2009;  41 309-312
• 3 Cook V L, Meyer C T, Campbell N B, Blikslager A T. Effect of firocoxib or flunixin meglumine on recovery of ischemic-injured equine jejunum.  Am J Vet Res. 2009;  70 992-1000
• 4 De Grauw J C, van de Lest C H, Brama P A, Rambags B P, van Weeren P R. In vivo effects of meloxicam on inflammatory mediators MMP activity and cartilage biomarkers in equine joints with acute synovitis.  Equine Vet J. 2009;  41 693-699
• 5 Dodman N, Blondeau N, Marini A M. Association of phenylbutazone usage with horses bought for slaughter: a public health risk.  Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2010;  48 1270-1274
• 6 Doucet M Y, Bertone A L, Hendrickson D, Hugues F, MacAllister C, McClure S, Reinemeyer C, Rossier Y, Sifferman R, Vrins A A, White G, Kunkle B, Alva R, Romano D, Hanson P D. Comparison of efficacy and safety of paste formulations of firocoxib and phenylbutazone in horses with naturally occurring osteoarthritis.  J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008;  232 91-97
• 7 Fradette M E, Céleste C, Richard H, Beauchamp G, Laverty S. Effects of continuous oral administration of phenybutazone on biomarkers of cartilage and bone metabolism in horses.  Am J Vet Res. 2007;  68 128-133
• 8 Frean S P, Cambridge H, Lees P. Effects of anti-arthritic drugs on proteoglycan synthesis by equine cartilage.  J Vet Pharmacol Therap. 2002;  25 289-298
• 9 Goodrich L R, Nixon A J. Medical treatment of osteoarthritis in the horse – a review.  Vet J. 2006;  171 51-69
• 10 Hough M E, Steel C M, Bolton J R, Yovich J V. Ulceration and stricture of the right dorsal colon after phenylbutazone administration in four horses.  Aust Vet J. 1999;  77 785-788
• 11 Ionita J C, Lempe A, Leupold T, Spadavecchia C. Analgetika beim Pferd: eine aktuelle Übersicht.  Pferdeheilkunde. 2007;  23 312-322
• 12 Mastbergen S C, Jansen N W, Bijlsma J W, Lafeber F P. Differential direct effects of cyclo-oxygenase-1/2 inhibition on proteoglycan turnover of human osteoarthritic cartilage: an in vitro study.  Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;  8 1-9
• 13 McConnico R S, Morgan T W, Williams C C, Hubert J D, Moore R M. Pathophysiologic effects of phenylbutazone on the right dorsal colon in horses.  Am J Vet Res. 2008;  69 1496-1505
• 14 Moses V S, Bertone A L. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.  Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2002;  18 21-37
• 15 Thamm D H, Ehrhart E J, Charles J B, Elce Y A. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in equine tumors.  Vet Pathol. 2008;  45 825-828
• 16 Toutain P L, Cester C C. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships and dose response to meloxicam in horses with induced arthritis in the right carpal joint.  Am J Vet Res. 2004;  65 1533-1541
• 17 Wolf L. The role of complementary techniques in managing musculoskeletal pain in performance horses.  Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2002;  18 107-115