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DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1250275
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Das trockene Auge in der Frauenheilkunde
Ätiologie, Pathogenese und aktuelle therapeutische StrategienEtiology, Pathogenesis and Current Therapeutic StrategiesDry Eye Syndrome in Women's Health and GynecologyPublikationsverlauf
eingereicht 29.3.2010
akzeptiert 12.7.2010
Publikationsdatum:
23. September 2010 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/gebfra/201009/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055-s-0030-1250275-1.jpg)
Zusammenfassung
Bei dem Krankheitsbild des trockenen Auges handelt es sich um eine Augenerkrankung, unter der in Deutschland mehrere Millionen Menschen leiden. Typische Symptome wie Brennen, Trockenheits- oder Fremdkörpergefühl und Lichtempfindlichkeit gehen mit einer erheblichen Einschränkung der Lebensqualität einher. Verursacht werden diese Beschwerden durch physiologische Veränderungen des Alterns, die eine Prädisposition für ein trockenes Auge schaffen können, einschließlich verringertem Tränenvolumen und ‐fluss [1], nachlassender Tränenfilmstabilität [2] sowie einer veränderten Zusammensetzung der Meibom-Lipide [3]. Lange Zeit wurde die Zunahme der Prävalenz des trockenen Auges mit dem Sexualhormondefizit in den Phasen des Klimakteriums und der Postmenopause begründet, während heutzutage Östrogene eher mit der Förderung dieses Beschwerdebilds assoziiert werden. Man unterscheidet zwischen der hyposekretorischen und der evaporativen Form des trockenen Auges, die jeweils eines eigenen Therapieansatzes bedürfen. Als Therapeutika kommen Tränenersatzmittel und/oder Lipidanaloga zum Einsatz.
Abstract
The clinical diagnosis of dry eye syndrome may not appear to be a major health problem; nonetheless it is a chronic condition which affects several million people in Germany. Typical symptoms include discomfort, dryness, foreign body sensation, photophobia and light sensitivity, and it is associated with a significant reduction in the quality of life. Physiological changes associated with aging include decreased tear volume and flow [1], decreased tear film stability [2] and alterations in the composition of the meibomian lipids [3] and are correlated with tear film dysfunction. According to more recent studies into the role of tear film dysfunction in dry eye syndrome, estrogen – which has a clear role in the treatment of various menopausal symptoms – may have an adverse effect on the ocular surface and may predispose to dry eye syndrome. Dry eye syndrome is classified into two major categories: tear deficient dry eye and evaporative dry eye, each of which requires specific treatment. Therapeutic approaches include ocular lubricants and/or viscous agents to restore or increase the lipid layer of the tear film.
Schlüsselwörter
trockenes Auge - Keratoconjunctivitis sicca - Tränenfilmdysfunktion - hyposekretorische Form - evaporative Form - Hormonsubstitution
Key words
dry eye syndrome - keratoconjunctivitis sicca - tear film stability - tear deficient dry eye - evaporative dry eye - hormone therapy
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Dr. med. Eva Dausch
Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe der Universität Regensburg am Caritas-Krankenhaus St. Josef
Landshuter Straße 65
93053 Regensburg
eMail: edausch@caritasstjosef.de