Körperliche Aktivität gegen Schlafstörungen?

Zusammenfassung

In der Behandlung der primären Insomnie kommen pharmakologische, erzieherische und verhaltenstherapeutische Maßnahmen, nicht selten auch in Kombination, zum Einsatz. Auch besteht die weitverbreitete Meinung, dass körperliche Aktivität bzw. die Übungstherapie schlafverbessernde Einflüsse ausübt. Wie weit diese Annahme aufgrund wissenschaftlich evaluierter Daten berechtigt ist, wurde anhand einer Literaturanalyse geprüft.

Die Recherche in den Datenbanken MEDLINE, EMBASE und SPOLIT zeigte, dass im Wesentlichen mit 2 unterschiedlichen Studienzugängen diesem Thema nachgegangen wurde: mit epidemiologischen und experimentellen Studien. Die meisten epidemiologischen Studien kommen zu einem überwiegend positiven Ergebnis. Darin wurden aber überwiegend subjektive Beurteilungskriterien zugrunde gelegt. In den experimentellen Studien erfolgten die Untersuchungen vielfach an gesunden und nur selten an Insomnie-Patienten selbst. Deshalb und weil diese nicht immer zu eindeutig positiven Ergebnissen führten, bleibt die Frage, ob durch körperliche Aktivität die Insomnie positiv beeinflusst werden kann, offen. Weitere Studien mit Insomnie-Patienten und objektiven Messmethoden sind zu fordern.

Abstract

It is commonly assumed that exercise is one of the most important behavioural factors promoting sleep. How far this assumption because of scientifically evaluated data is justified, was inspected in a literature analysis.

A research in the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and SPOLIT has shown that in substance two types of studies followed this topic: epidemiological and experimental studies. Epidemiological studies have generally shown positive associations of exercise with sleep. On the other hand, experimental studies have failed to demonstrate substantial sleep-promoting effects of either acute or chronic exercise. In addition most of these studies evaluated the effects on healthy and seldom in insomnia patients. Therefore, the question remains open if exercise influences the insomnia. Better-controlled research with objective sleep measures is needed.

Schlüsselwörter

Schlafstörungen - körperliche Aktivität - Behandlungseffekte - Literaturanalyse

Keywords

Insomnia - physical exercise - treatment efficacy - literature analysis

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