Cell Death and Survival Signaling in Oncogenesis

Abstract

One of the hallmarks of human cancers is the deregulation of signal transduction pathways that regulate fundamental processes such as cell proliferation and cell death. This leads to the disturbance in the physiological control of tissue homeostasis and a concomitant net increase in cell number. Thus, deregulation of intracellular signaling events can contribute to tumorigenesis and tumor progression. In addition, this may also confer treatment resistance, since the response of cancer cells towards most cytotoxic therapies including chemo-, radio- or immunotherapy critically depends on intact signaling cascades that eventually lead to cell death. Hence, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate cell death and survival programs in cancer cells is expected to provide the basis for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Zusammenfassung

Ein charakteristisches Merkmal von malignen Tumoren ist die Fehlregulation von Signalwegen, die fundamentale Prozesse wie Wachstum und Zelltod regulieren. Dies führt zu einer Störung in der physiologischen Kontrolle der Gewebehomöostase, verbunden mit einer Erhöhung der Zellzahl. Somit kann die Fehlregulation von intrazellulären Signalwegen zur Krebsentstehung und Progression beitragen und darüber hinaus auch zur Therapieresistenz führen, da das Ansprechen von Krebszellen auf die meisten zytotoxischen Therapien, einschl. Chemo-, Radio- oder Immuntherapien, von intakten Zelltodsignalwegen abhängig ist. Folglich ist zu erwarten, dass ein besseres Verständnis der molekularen Mechanismen, die Zelltod- und Überlebensprogramme in Krebszellen regulieren, die Grundlage für die Entwicklung von neuen diagnostischen und therapeutischen Ansätzen liefern wird.

Key words

childhood cancer - apoptosis - signaling - oncogenesis

Schlüsselwörter

kindliche Tumoren - Apoptose - Signaltransduktion - Onkogenese

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