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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272509
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Asthma bronchiale: neue Erkenntnisse und Entwicklungen
Asthma: new insights and advances in treatmentPublikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
26. Januar 2011 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Neue Erkenntnisse zeigen, dass bei neu leichtgradigem Asthma eine niedrigdosierte inhalative Steroidtherapie schwere Exazerbationen und den damit verbundenen Verlust an Lungenfunktion reduziert. Zusätzlich kann bei leichtem Asthma in Phasen verstärkter Beschwerden eine bedarfsbezogene Anwendung der Kombination von inhalativen Steroiden und kurzwirksamer Beta-2-Sympathomimetika erfolgen. Bei mittel- bis schwergradigem Asthma ist die feste Kombination aus Formoterol und Budesonid als Basistherapie aber auch bei akuten Beschwerden einsetzbar. Eine Monotherapie mit langwirksamen Beta-2-Sympathomimetika sollte aber vermieden werden. Langwirksame Anticholinergika sind vergleichbar wirksam wie ein langwirksames Beta-2-Sympathomimetikum, aber bisher nicht für Patienten mit Asthma zugelassen. Bei schwerem Asthma ist die Identifikation verschiedener Phänotypen besonders wichtig, da spezifische Therapieansätze existieren.
Abstract
In mild asthma low-dose steroid inhalation treatment reduces severe exacerbations and exacerbation associated loss of lung function. In patients wirth mild asthma, symptom-driven use of a combination of inhaled steroid and short-acting beta-2-sympathomimetics in a single inhaler is feasible. In moderate and severe asthma the fixed combination of formoterol and budesonide can be used a maintenance therapy but also as treatment of acute symptoms. Monotherapy with long-acting beta 2-sympathomimetics should be completely avoided. Long-acting anticholinergic drugs are equally efficacious as long-acting beta-2-sympathomimetics, but have not yet been approved for use in patients with asthma. The correct identification of various phenotypes is especially important in severe asthma, because there are different specific treatment approaches.
Schlüsselwörter
Asthma bronchiale - inhalative Glukokortikoide - langwirksame Anticholinergika - Exazerbationen - Phänotypisierung
Keywords
asthma - inhaled corticosteroids - long-acting beta agonists - exacerbations - phenotyping
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PD Dr. med. Christian Taube
III. Medizinische Klinik
Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität
Langenbeckstr. 1
55101 Mainz
Telefon: 06131/177271
Fax: 06131/175545
eMail: taube@3-med.klinik.uni-mainz.de