Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Bei der Behandlung von chronischen Läsionen mittels PTA oder Stentimplantion ist die relative hohe Restenoserate das Hauptproblem. Ziel dieser Studie war die Evaluierung eines mechanischen Rotationsthrombektomiekatheters (Straub Rotarex®) hinsichtlich der Sicherheit und Effektivität bei der Behandlung von chronischen Gefäßverschlüssen. Material und Methoden: Es wurden 40 Patienten, mittleres Alter 67,3 ± 7,6 Jahre (51 – 86), mittels des Rotarex-Katheters behandelt. Alle Patienten hatten chronische Okklusionen (> 6 Monate) der Becken- (n = 4) oder Femoropoplitealarterien (n = 36). Die präinterventionelle Rutherford-Klassifkation war im Mittel 3,15 (2 – 5). Die mittlere Läsionslänge betrug 12, 3 cm (2 – 24 cm). Ergebnisse: Die technische Erfolgsrate betrug 100 %. Bei 27 Patienten (67,5 %) wurde eine zusätzliche Ballondilatation durchgeführt, bei 7 (17,5 %) Patienten war eine Stentimplantation notwendig. Klinisch zeigte sich eine Steigerung des Knöchel-Arm-Index von 0,57 ± 0,15 auf postinterventionell 0,82 ± 0,16 und nach 12 Monaten 0,80 ± 0,12 sowie eine Reduktion des Rutherford-Stadiums auf 1,65 (1 – 3). Während des Nachbeobachtungszeitraums traten 9 (22,5 %) Restenosen auf. Als Komplikationen waren 2 Dissektionen zu verzeichnen. Es traten keine Amputationen oder Todesfälle während der Nachbeobachtungszeit auf. Schlussfolgerung: Die „Atherektomie” von Läsionen der iliakalen und femoropoplitealen Arterien mittels des Rotarex-Systems ist sicher und effektiv. Die relativ geringe Restenoserate sowie die geringe Stentrate nach 12 Monaten klingen vielversprechend, jedoch müssen Langzeitergebnisse abgewartet werden.
Abstract
Purpose: The main problem with treating chronic lesions with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) or stent implantation is the relatively high restenosis rate. The objective of this prospective single-center study was to evaluate a mechanical rotational catheter (Straub Rotarex®) for its safety and efficacy in the treatment of chronic vascular occlusions. Materials and Methods: There were 40 patients with a mean age of 67.3 ± 7.6 years (51 – 86) treated by means of the Rotarex® catheter. All patients had chronic occlusions (> 6 months) of the iliac (n = 4) or femoropopliteal arteries (n = 36). The preinterventional Rutherford stage was on average 3.15 (2 – 5). The mean lesion length was 12.3 cm (2 – 24 cm). The ankle-brachial index (ABI) was determined prior to and after the intervention, as well as after 12 months. An additional follow-up was performed using color-coded duplex sonography. Results: The technical success rate was 100 %. In 27 patients (67.5 %), adjunctive balloon dilation was performed, and 7 (17.5 %) patients required a stent implantation. Clinically, there was an increase in the ankle-brachial index from 0.57 ± 0.15 to 0.82 ± 0.16 post-interventionally. After 12 months, it was 0.80 ± 0.12, and the average Rutherford stage fell to 1.65 (1 – 3). During the follow-up observation period, there were 9 (22.5 %) restenoses. Two dissections after balloon dilatation were recorded as peri-interventional complications. No distal embolizations were observed. There were no amputations or deaths during the entire period of the study. Conclusion: The atherectomy of lesions of the iliac and femoropopliteal arteries using the Rotarex® system is safe and effective. The low rate of peri-interventional stenting and the low rate of restenosis at 12 months appear to be promising.
Key words
vascular - arteries - angioplasty - interventional procedures - arteriosclerosis
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Dr. Christian Wissgott
Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie / Neuroradiologie, Westküstenklinikum Heide – Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universitäten Kiel, Lübeck und Hamburg
Esmarchstr. 50
25746 Heide
Germany
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Email: cwissgott@gmx.de