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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275262
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Krankheiten des Sternoklavikulargelenkes
Diseases of the Sternoclavicular JointPublication History
Publication Date:
03 May 2011 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Im Vergleich zum Schultergelenk geben Beschwerden im Sternoklavikulargelenk deutlich seltener Anlass zu ärztlicher Konsultation und noch seltener zu invasiver Therapie [1]. Weil krankhafte Prozesse am Sternoklavikulargelenk zu Einschränkungen der Schulterbeweglichkeit führen und somit beide Gelenke eine funktionelle Einheit bilden, soll dieser Artikel die wichtigsten Veränderungen auch an diesem kleinen Gelenk des Schultergürtels beleuchten. Bewusst wurde auf die Darstellung der traumatologischen Krankheitsbilder verzichtet, hier wird auf andere Literatur verwiesen [2]. Für den Rheumatologen ist das Gelenk interessant, da es mit dem Komplex des SAPHO-Syndroms eine seltene, aber heterogene Gruppe von entzündlichen Knochen- und Gelenkerkrankungen gibt, deren häufigste primäre Manifestation sternoklavikulär ist und deren genaue Einordnung nicht selten das komplette diagnostische Arsenal von der CT und MRT über die Szintigrafie und Gelenkpunktion bis hin zur Biopsie erfordert, um noch seltenere Differenzialdiagnosen auszuschließen. Eine genaue Kenntnis der unterschiedlichen klinischen Varianten [3] und der Differenzialdiagnosen kann so zu rationellem Einsatz der Diagnostik verhelfen. Therapeutische Aspekte müssen sich wegen der Seltenheit der Krankheitsbilder auf die Auswertung meist kleiner oder retrospektiver Fallstudien in Verbindung mit persönlicher Erfahrung stützen. 4 Krankheitsbilder werden exemplarisch an Fallbeispielen dargestellt.
Abstract
Compared to the shoulder joint, diseases of the sternoclavicular joint are much less common in daily clinical and ambulant practice and only in a minority of cases give rise to invasive therapy [1]. This article will focus on relevant changes in this small joint of the shoulder girdle, because they may not only be the reason for pain but finally can lead to significant impairment in shoulder mobility as well as changes in the shoulder joint itself. Injuries are reviewed elsewhere [2] and will not be discussed here. Rheumatologists share a special interest in the sternoclavicular joint because of its frequent involvement in the SAPHO syndrome, a heterogeneous inflammatory disease of bone, joints and skin. Its precise diagnostic clarification and the exclusion of even more uncommon differential diagnoses in many cases demand the use of the complete diagnostic spectrum from CT, MRI and bone scintigraphy to joint puncture and bone biopsy. A good knowledge of this disease complex and its clinical variability [3] enables us to efficiently use the diagnostic tools. Therapeutic recommendations are usually based in retrospective case studies and personal experience due to the small number of patients (incidents). 4 clinical entities are each illustrated by an exemplary case report from our clinic.
Schlüsselwörter
SAPHO-Syndrom - Sternoklavikulargelenk - Arthritis
Key words
SAPHO syndrome - sternoclavicular joint - arthritis
Literatur
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Korrespondenzadresse
Dr. med. Markus Enderlein
Krankenhaus Dresden-
Friedrichstadt
1. Medizinische Klinik
Friedrichstraße 41
01067 Dresden
Phone: + 49/0351/480 11 15
Fax: + 49/0351/480 32 30
Email: enderlein-ma@khdf.de