Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State as Initial Manifestation of Pediatric Insulin-Dependent Diabetes

Key words

hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar coma diabeticum - cerebral edema - rhabdomyolysis - therapy

Schlüsselwörter

hyperglykämisch-hyperosmolares Coma diabeticum - Hirnödem - Rhabdomyolyse - Therapie

References

• 1 American Diabetes Association . Hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes mellitus.  Clin Diabetes. 2001;  19 82-90
• 2 Carchman R, Dechert-Zeger M, Calikoglu A. et al . A new challenge in pediatric obesity: pediatric hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma.  Ped Critical Care Med. 2005;  6 20-24
• 3 Cochran J, Walters S, Losek L. Pediatric hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome: diagnostic difficulties and high mortality rate.  Am J Emerg Med. 2006;  24 297-301
• 4 DeFronzo R, Matsuda M, Barrett E. Diabetic ketoacidosis: a combined metabolic nephrologic approach to therapy.  Diabetes Rev. 1994;  2 209-238
• 5 Fourtner S, Weinzimmer S, Muphy K. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome in children with type 2 diabetes.  Pediatr Diabetes. 2005;  6 129-135
• 6 Hollander A, Olney R, Blackett P. et al . Fatal malignant hyperthermia-like syndrome with rhabdomyolysis complicating the presentation of diabetes mellitus in adolescent males.  Pediatrics. 2003;  111 1477-1452
• 7 Kitabchi A, Umpierrez G, Fisher J. et al . Thirty years of personal experience in hyperglycemic crises: diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;  93 1541-1552
• 8 Rosenbloom A. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state: an emerging pediatric problem.  J Pediatr. 2010;  156 180-184
• 9 Wetter J, Gohlke BC, Stutte S. et al Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma diabeticum.  Diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic concept. Klin Padiatr 2011 in press. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1275681.
• 10 Zeitler P, Haqq A, Rosenbloom A. et al . Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome in children: pathophysiological considerations and suggested guidelines for treatment.  J Pediatr. 2011;  156 9-14

Correspondence