Körperliche Aktivität nach der Rehabilitationsbehandlung: Die subjektive Beeinträchtigung durch Schmerzen als Barriere oder Motivation

Zusammenfassung

Ziel der Studie: Es soll geklärt werden, inwieweit körperliche Aktivität langfristig durch subjektive Beeinträchtigung aufgrund von Schmerzen sowie durch Intentionen und Planung vorhergesagt werden kann.

Methodik: Es wurde eine Befragungsstudie mit Rehabilitationspatienten über einen Zeitraum von über 3 Jahren durchgeführt. Die Datenanalyse erfolgte mittels binärer logistischer Regressionen.

Ergebnisse: Nach Kontrolle von sozial-kognitiven Variablen war die subjektive Beeinträchtigung durch Schmerzen am Anfang der Rehabilitation ein positiver Prädiktor für gesteigerte körperliche Aktivitäten nach der Rehabilitation. Wer jedoch 6 Monate nach der Rehabilitation Schmerzen berichtete, war mit einer geringeren Wahrscheinlichkeit körperlich aktiv.

Schlussfolgerung: Für die Rehabilitationspraxis erscheint die Berücksichtigung der subjektiven Beeinträchtigung durch Schmerzen bei der Motivierung von Patienten empfehlenswert, z. B. durch die Antizipation von Schmerzen und die Information über Möglichkeiten zu deren Linderung bzw. durch Bewältigungsplanung, wie man angesichts von Schmerzen körperlich aktiv sein kann. Insbesondere die Nachsorge stellt Potenzial dar, mit Schmerzen besser umzugehen.

Abstract

Purpose of this study: To examine the impact of the subjective health impairment due to pain, intention and planning on long-term physical activity.

Method: A longitudinal questionnaire study with rehabilitation patients was performed over a time-span of more than 3 years. Data analyses were performed with binary logistic regressions.

Results: After controlling for social-cognitive variables subjective health impairment due to pain at the beginning of rehabilitation was a significant positive predictor of increased physical activity after rehabilitation. However, subjective health impairment due to pain 6 months after discharge was significantly negatively correlated with physical activity 3 years after rehabilitation.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that subjective impairment due to pain should be considered when motivating people, e. g. by anticipating pain and possibilities for its improvement, respectively, or by coping planning on how to be physically active even in the face of pain. Especially during the time after rehabilitation patients may benefit from more help to manage pain.

Schlüsselwörter

Intention - Planung - Schmerzen - Aktivität - Rehabilitation

Key words

intention - planning - pain - activity - rehabilitation

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