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J Knee Surg 2011; 24(4): 251-264
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297361
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© Thieme Medical Publishers

Using Animal Models in Osteoarthritis Biomarker Research

Bridget C. Garner1 , Aaron M. Stoker2 , Keiichi Kuroki2 , Richard Evans3 , Cristi Reeves Cook2 , James L. Cook2
  • 1Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
  • 2Comparative Orthopaedic Laboratory, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
  • 3Waukesha, Wisconsin
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Publication History

Publication Date:
01 December 2011 (online)

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ABSTRACT

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that commonly affects human and veterinary patients. Animal models are routinely used for OA research, and the dog is a nearly ideal species for translational investigation of human OA biomarkers. The cytokine, chemokine, and matrix metalloprotease (MMP) profiles of synovial fluid, serum, and urine from dogs with surgically induced and naturally occurring OA were compared with dogs without OA using xMAP technology (Qiagen Inc., Valencia, CA). Markers that exhibited significant differences between groups were identified (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP1], interleukin 8 [IL8], keratinocyte-derived chemoattractant [KC], and MMP2 and MMP3), and their sensitivities and specificities were calculated to determine their diagnostic usefulness in a future biomarker panel. Synovial fluid IL8 was the most sensitive, but MCP1 was also highly sensitive and specific. The alterations in KC suggested that it may differentiate between cruciate disease and other types of OA, and the MMPs were most sensitive and specific in the serum. This study provided additional insight to the participation of cytokines, chemokines, and MMPs in OA, and potential diagnostic biomarker candidates were identified. A brief literature review of other biomarker candidates previously examined using animal models is discussed.

KEYWORDS

Osteoarthritis - biomarker - chemokine - matrix metalloprotease

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Bridget GarnerD.V.M. Ph.D. 

Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Georgia

501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30605

Email: garnerb@uga.edu