PDF herunterladen
Int J Sports Med 2012; 33(08): 671-679
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1304323
Immunology
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Exercise and Inflammation in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease

H. Ploeger
1   Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
,
J. Obeid
1   Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
,
T. Nguyen
1   Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
,
T. Takken
3   Child Development and Exercise Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
,
R. Issenman
2   Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
,
M. de Greef
4   Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
,
B. Timmons
1   Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
2   Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf



accepted after revision 12. Januar 2012

Publikationsdatum:
04. Mai 2012 (online)

Auch verfügbar auf
    Lizenzen und Reprints

Abstract

We examined inflammatory cells, cytokines and growth factors in response to acute bouts of moderate intensity continuous exercise and high intensity intermittent exercise in youth with Crohn’s disease and in healthy matched-controls. 15 patients and 15 controls performed 30 min of cycling at 50% of peak mechanical power (PMP) and 6 bouts of 4×15-s of cycling at 100% PMP. Blood was collected at rest, at the mid-point, at the end of exercise and at 30 and 60 min into recovery. In patients with CD, both types of exercise increased immune cells and GH and decreased IGF-I. Moderate intensity exercise induced a greater increase in leukocytes (p<0.05), neutrophils (p<0.05), lymphocytes (p<0.001), monocytes (p<0.05), IL-6 (p<0.05), IL-17 (p<0.05) and GH (p<0.05) and a similar decrease in IGF-I, compared with high intensity exercise. TNF-α did not change significantly with either exercise. Responses in patients were similar compared with controls; however, in patients monocytes remained elevated significantly longer in response to MICE. Youth with Crohn’s disease can engage in distinctly different types of exercise without a significant acute exacerbation of inflammation.

Key words

children - cycle ergometry - cytokines - growth factors - inflammatory bowel disease
 

  • References

  • 1 Andoh A, Ogawa A, Bamba S, Fujiyama Y. Interaction between interleukin-17-producing CD4+ T cells and colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts: what are they doing in mucosal inflammation?. J Gastroenterol 2007; 42 (Suppl. 17) 29-33
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 2 Bailey RC, Olson J, Pepper SL, Porszasz J, Barstow TJ, Cooper DM. The level and tempo of children’s physical activities: an observational study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995; 27: 1033-1041
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 3 Bernstein CN, Wajda A, Svenson LW, MacKenzie A, Koehoorn M, Jackson M, Fedorak R, Israel D, Blanchard JF. The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Canada: a population-based study. Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101: 1559-1568
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 4 Boas SR, Danduran MJ, McColley SA, Beaman K, O’Gorman MR. Immune modulation following aerobic exercise in children with cystic fibrosis. Int J Sports Med 2000; 21: 294-301
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 5 Brenner IK, Natale VM, Vasiliou P, Moldoveanu AI, Shek PN, Shephard RJ. Impact of three different types of exercise on components of the inflammatory response. Eur J Appl Physiol 1999; 80: 452-460
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 6 Burgomaster KA, Howarth KR, Phillips SM, Rakobowchuk M, MacDonald MJ, McGee SL, Gibala MJ. Similar metabolic adaptations during exercise after low volume sprint interval and traditional endurance training in humans. J Physiol 2008; 586: 151-160
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 7 de Benedetti F, Alonzi T, Moretta A, Lazzaro D, Costa P, Poli V, Martini A, Ciliberto G, Fattori E. Interleukin 6 causes growth impairment in transgenic mice through a decrease in insulin-like growth factor-I. A model for stunted growth in children with chronic inflammation. J Clin Invest 1997; 99: 643-650
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 8 Dill DB, Costill DL. Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration. J Appl Physiol 1974; 37: 247-248
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 9 Eliakim A, Portal S, Zadik Z, Rabinowitz J, Adler-Portal D, Cooper DM, Zaldivar F, Nemet D. The effect of a volleyball practice on anabolic hormones and inflammatory markers in elite male and female adolescent players. J Strength Cond Res 2009; 23: 1553-1559
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 10 Felsing NE, Brasel JA, Cooper DM. Effect of low and high intensity exercise on circulating growth hormone in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992; 75: 157-162
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 11 Fujino S, Andoh A, Bamba S, Ogawa A, Hata K, Araki Y, Bamba T, Fujiyama Y. Increased expression of interleukin 17 in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 2003; 52: 65-70
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 12 Grieci T, Butter A. The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in the pediatric population of southwestern Ontario. J Pediatr Surg 2009; 44: 977-980
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 13 Harriss DJ, Atkinson G. Update – Ethical standards in sport and exercise science research. Int J Sports Med 2011; 32: 819-821
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 14 Holtta V, Klemetti P, Sipponen T, Westerholm-Ormio M, Kociubinski G, Salo H, Rasanen L, Kolho KL, Farkkila M, Savilahti E, Vaarala O. IL-23/IL-17 immunity as a hallmark of Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008; 14: 1175-1184
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 15 Janssen I, LeBlanc AG. Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2010; 7: 40-
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 16 Lakatos PL. Recent trends in the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases: up or down?. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12: 6102-6108
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 17 Maloy KJ, Kullberg MC. IL-23 and Th17 cytokines in intestinal homeostasis. Mucosal Immunol 2008; 1: 339-349
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 18 Miossec P. IL-17 and Th17 cells in human inflammatory diseases. Microbes Infect 2009; 11: 625-630
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 19 Mirwald RL, Baxter-Jones AD, Bailey DA, Beunen GP. An assessment of maturity from anthropometric measurements. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002; 34: 689-694
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 20 Nemet D, Oh Y, Kim HS, Hill M, Cooper DM. Effect of intense exercise on inflammatory cytokines and growth mediators in adolescent boys. Pediatrics 2002; 110: 681-689
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 21 Nemet D, Rose-Gottron CM, Mills PJ, Cooper DM. Effect of water polo practice on cytokines, growth mediators, and leukocytes in girls. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003; 35: 356-363
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 22 Nieman DC, Kernodle MW, Henson DA, Sonnenfeld G, Morton DS. The acute response of the immune system to tennis drills in adolescent athletes. Res Q Exerc Sport 2000; 71: 403-408
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 23 Pedersen BK, Febbraio MA. Muscle as an endocrine organ: focus on muscle-derived interleukin-6. Physiol Rev 2008; 88: 1379-1406
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 24 Ploeger HE, Takken T, de Greef MH, Timmons BW. The effects of acute and chronic exercise on inflammatory markers in children and adults with a chronic inflammatory disease: a systematic review. Exerc Immunol Rev 2009; 15: 6-41
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 25 Ploeger HE, Takken T, Wilk B, Issenman RM, Sears R, Suri S, Timmons BW. Exercise capacity in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Pediatr 2011; 8: 814-819
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 26 Roubenoff R. Exercise and inflammatory disease. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 49: 263-266
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 27 Sanchez-Munoz F, Dominguez-Lopez A, Yamamoto-Furusho JK. Role of cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14: 4280-4288
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 28 Scheett TP, Mills PJ, Ziegler MG, Stoppani J, Cooper DM. Effect of exercise on cytokines and growth mediators in prepubertal children. Pediatr Res 1999; 46: 429-434
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 29 Shamir R, Phillip M, Levine A. Growth retardation in pediatric Crohn’s disease: pathogenesis and interventions. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2007; 13: 620-628
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 30 Street ME, de’Angelis G, Camacho-Hubner C, Giovannelli G, Ziveri MA, Bacchini PL, Bernasconi S, Sansebastiano G, Savage MO. Relationships between serum IGF-1, IGFBP-2, interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6 in inflammatory bowel disease. Horm Res 2004; 61: 159-164
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 31 Timmons BW. Paediatric exercise immunology: health and clinical applications. Exerc Immunol Rev 2005; 11: 108-144
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 32 Timmons BW, Tarnopolsky MA, Bar-Or O. Immune responses to strenuous exercise and carbohydrate intake in boys and men. Pediatr Res 2004; 56: 227-234
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 33 Timmons BW, Tarnopolsky MA, Snider DP, Bar-Or O. Immunological changes in response to exercise: influence of age, puberty, and gender. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006; 38: 293-304
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 34 Tirakitsoontorn P, Nussbaum E, Moser C, Hill M, Cooper DM. Fitness, acute exercise, and anabolic and catabolic mediators in cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164: 1432-1437
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar