„Neue“ Viren als bedrohliche Krankheitserreger in Europa

Zusammenfassung

Die Veränderungen von Viruspopulationen in Europa werden durch vielfältige Faktoren beeinflusst. Es tragen neben Klimaveränderungen, die die Vektoren beeinflussen, zunehmende Reisetätigkeit, mangelnde Impfung und vor allem der internationale Transport von Lebewesen und pflanzlichen Produkten zu einer Ausbreitung oder neuen Etablierung von Viren in Europa bei. Zu Fieber mit Gelenkbeschwerden kommt es bei Dengue-, Chikungunya- oder Sindbisvirus-Infektionen. Dagegen steht bei FSME, Toscana- oder Westnil-Virusinfektionen eine Meningoenzephalitis im Vordergrund. In Europa auftretende Viren, die Hämorrhagisches Fieber auslösen, sind das Krim-Kongo- und Hanta-Virus. Gegen einige der „neuen“ Viren wie FSME, Influenza oder Masern sind Impfungen verfügbar.

Abstract

Emergence of viral agents in Europe is influenced by various factors. Climatic changes influencing possible vectors, insufficient vaccination, and travel of man and goods are among the most important reasons to explain these changes. Fever and arthralgia are the leading symptoms in infection with Dengue, Sindbis, or Chikungunya virus. In contrast, tick-born encephalitis (TBE), Toscana, or West Nile virus infections mainly lead to meningo-encephalitis. In Europe, hemorrhagic fever is caused by Crimean Congo and Hanta virus. Protective vaccines are available for emerging viral agents like TBE, influenza and measles.

Schlüsselwörter

Viruserkrankungen - Ausbreitung - Europa

Keywords

emerging viral disease - spreading - Europe

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