Antiphospholipid-Syndrom – wann behandeln?

Literatur
1 Bermas BL, Schur PH, Kaplan AA. Prognosis and therapy of the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. In UpToDate Topic 4682 Version 10.0 (Release 20.3; 2012)
2 Erkan D, Harrison MJ, Levy R et al. Aspirin for primary thrombosis prevention in the antiphospholipid syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in asymptomatic antiphospholipid antibody-positive individuals. Arthritis Rheum 2007; 56: 2382-2391
3 Fischer-Betz R, Specker C. Antiphospholipid-Antikörper und Schwangerschaft. Akt Rheumatol 2003; 28: 131-137
4 Harris EN, Chan JKH, Asherson RA et al. Thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss and thrombocytopenia. Arch Intern Med 1986; 146: 2153-2156
5 Levine SR, Salowich-Palm L, Sawaya KL et al. IgG anticardiolipin antibody titer > 40 GPL and the risk of subsequent thrombo-occlusive events and death. A prospective cohort study. Stroke 1997; 28: 1660-1665
6 Lim W, Crowther MA, Eikelboom JW. Management of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. A systematic review. JAMA 2006; 295: 1050-1057
7 Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, Atsumi T et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4: 295-306
8 Mok CC, Tang SSK, To CH et al. Incidence and risk factors of thromboembolism systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparison of three ethnic groups. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 2774-2782
9 Pengo V, Ruffatti A, Legnani C et al. Incidence of a first thromboembolic event in asymptomatic carriers of high-risk antiphospholipid antibody profile: a multicenter prospective study. Blood 2011; 118: 4714-4718
10 Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics: 2011 update. A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011; 123: e18-e209
11 Ruffatti A, Del Ross T, Ciprian M et al. Antiphospholipid Syndrome Study Group of Italian Society of Rheumatology. Risk factors for a first thrombotic event in antiphospholipid antibody carriers: a prospective multicentre follow-up study. Ann Rheum Dis 2011; 70: 1083-1086
12 Ruffatti A, Del Ross T, Ciprian M et al. Risk factors for a first thrombotic event in antiphospholipid antibody carriers. A multicentre, retrospective follow-up study. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68: 397-399
13 Ruiz-Irastorza G, Crowther M, Branch W et al. Antiphospholipid syndrome. Lancet 2010; 376: 1498-1509
14 Ruiz-Irastorza G, Cuadrado MJ, Ruiz-Arruza I et al. Evidence-based recommendations for the prevention and long-term management of thrombosis in antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients: report of a task force at the 13th International Congress on antiphospholipid antibodies. Lupus 2011; 20: 206-218
15 Schröder JO, Zeuner RA, Specker C. Systemischer Lupus erythematodes und Antiphospholipid-Syndrom. Akt Rheumatol 2011; 35: 24-32
16 Wilson WA, Gharavi AE, Koike T et al. International consensus statement on preliminary classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome: report of an international workshop. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 1309-1311
17 Wisloff F, Jacobsen EM, Liestol S. Laboratory diagnosis of the antiphospholipid syndrome. Thromb Res 2002; 108: 263-271