Psychotherapie der Schizophrenie

Kernaussagen

Die Verbesserung der Versorgung schizophrener Störungen hat hohe Bedeutung für die Betroffenen aber auch in gesundheits-ökonomischer und volkswirtschaftlicher Hinsicht. Neben einer individuell zugeschnittenen möglichst wirksamen und verträglichen antipsychotischen Pharmakotherapie gibt es eine zunehmende Anzahl als wirksam belegter, störungs- und problemspezifischer psychotherapeutischer Ansätze. Hier finden sich v. a. kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutische Techniken, die in ihrer Wirksamkeit am stärksten belegt sind, v. a. bei trotz Pharmakotherapie persistierender Restsymptomatik. Weitere psychotherapeutische Ansätze, z. T. überlappend, sind die Compliance Therapy, die Personal Therapy, die Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, sog. supportive Behandlungsansätze oder auch metakognitive Therapie, narrative Therapien und Mindfulness-Therapie. Diese Ansätze haben, grob gesprochen, zum Ziel, emotionale Unterstützung im Streben nach einem trotz Erkrankung und evtl. Folgebeeinträchtigungen sinnerfüllten Leben anzubieten (Personal Recovery), die Rollenfunktionsfähigkeit und Selbststeuerung (Functional Recovery) sowie die Symptomatik und die ihr zugrunde liegenden Fehlfunktionen zu verbessern (z. B. persistierende Positivsymptomatik, kognitive oder emotionale Verarbeitungsstörungen).

Publication History

Publication Date:
30 October 2012 (online)

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