Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery

Introduction

The first natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) in a swine model was reported at Digestive Disease Week (DDW) in 2000 [1], and it has now been one decade since the first human case video demonstration [2]. Ten years later, the field is evolving and maturing. A range of procedures such as single-port surgery, hybrid surgery, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) are now often grouped under the NOTES umbrella though they may not use a natural orifice, and they may not be transluminal. POEM is considered by some to be the first sentinel application in NOTES [3]. Hybrid and submucosal approaches to upper gastrointestinal tumors in humans may spare major organ resection with life-long quality-of-life implications [4] [5] [6]. At DDW 2012 (19 – 22 May, San Diego, California, USA) data were presented on pure NOTES procedures performed using only conscious sedation [7], and percutaneous flexible endoscopy-based extraction of gallstones was demonstrated [8]. Although growth in the field is escaping strict definitions, the concept of NOTES continues to embolden progress on a host of clinical problems. At DDW 2012, there were 22 NOTES abstracts and 4 POEM abstracts, representing a steady level of research, following 26 abstracts in 2010 and 25 in 2011. The top 20 abstracts of 2012 are reviewed below.

• References

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• 3 Inoue H, Minami H, Kobayashi Y et al. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for esophageal achalasia. Endoscopy 2010; 42: 265-271
• 4 Cho W, Kim Y, Shim K et al. Hybrid NOTES®: endoscopic full thickness gastric resection (EFTGR) of early gastric cancer and laparoscopic regional lymph node dissection – 22 human cases. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB240-AB241
• 5 Willingham FF, Garud SS, Davis SS et al. Human hybrid endoscopic and laparoscopic management of mass lesions of the foregut (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: 905-912
• 6 Bok G, Cho J, Cho W et al. Beyond the ESD: combination with sentinel node surgery and Hybrid NOTES® in early gastric cancer. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB105
• 7 Lee S, Lee T, Chung I et al. Human applications of submucosal endoscopy under conscious sedation for pure NOTES®. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB149
• 8 Abu DayyehB, Baron T. A hybrid percutaneous and endoscopic approach for the complete clearance of gallstones from the gallbladder and biliary tree. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB107
• 9 Cho W, Bok G, Um W et al. The comparison of laparoscopic wedge resection and hybrid NOTES® in treatment of intraluminal growing subepithelial tumors. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB241
• 10 Bernhardt J, Steffen H, Schneider-Koriath S et al. Outcome after flexible notes appendectomy in hybrid technique and laparoscopic appendectomy-final results of the prospective quality of life study. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB150
• 11 Navarro-Ripoll R, Cordova H, Martinez-Palli G et al. randomized comparative short-term survival study of hemodynamic and respiratory changes during transesophageal notes versus conventional mediastinoscopy in swine: preliminary results. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB270
• 12 Hucl T, Benes M, Kocik M et al. comparison of inflammatory response to transgastric and transcolonic NOTES. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB272
• 13 Wood S, Vadivelu N, Hosni M et al. transvaginal notes cholecystectomy: retrospective analysis of immediate post-operative pain. Gastroenterology 2012; 142: 1050
• 14 Rondan A, Redondo R, Fasano M et al. Gynecologic and fertility issues in NOTES colposcopic procedures. Gastroenterology 2012; 142: 1105-1106
• 15 Clark M, Qayed E, Kooby D et al. Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery in humans: a review. Minim Invasive Surg 2012;
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• 17 Song T, Seo D, Jang J et al. Transgastric peritoneoscopy using a forwarding-viewing EUS: the evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic potential for NOTES. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB272
• 18 Fritscher-Ravens A, Hadeler K, Kahle E et al. Usefulness of a transgastric small caliber-endoscope for extralumenal observation of full thickness resection or NOTES incisions. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB486
• 19 Xu M, Yao L, Zhou P et al. Advantages of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) with Hybrid Knife® over conventional electric knife for upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors originating from muscularis propria layer: a prospective study. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB133
• 20 Buscaglia J, Stein S, Palladino N et al. Simulated NOTES® sigmoidectomy training improves the responsiveness over time of surgical endoscopists. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB341
• 21 Lehmann K, Zornig C, Butters M et al. The learning curve for transvaginal hybrid notes cholecystectomy. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB150
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• 24 Von Renteln D, Fuchs K, Fockens P et al. Peroral endoscopic myotomy for the treatment of achalasia: prospective international multi center study. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB160
• 25 Pinghong Z, Liqing Y, Mingyan C et al. Water-jet assisted peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in comparison to conventional endoscopic myotomy technique for treatment of esophageal achalasia. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB160-AB161
• 26 Miyazawa M, Aikawa M, Okada K et al. Development of bioabsorbable materials aimed at a closure following the NOTES® translumenal procedure. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB258
• 27 Armengol J, Dot-Bach J, Abadia M et al. Comparison of endoscopic suturing techniques for closure of the transgastric entrance site for NOTES procedures. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 75: AB273
• 28 Coomber RS, Sodergren MH, Clark J et al. Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery applications in clinical practice. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 4: 65-74
• 29 Patti MG, Fisichella PM, Perretta S et al. Impact of minimally invasive surgery on the treatment of esophageal achalasia: a decade of change. J Am Coll Surg 2003; 196: 698-703 ; discussion 703-705
• 30 Wang YR, Dempsey DT, Friedenberg FK et al. Trends of Heller myotomy hospitalizations for achalasia in the United States, 1993–2005: effect of surgery volume on perioperative outcomes. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 2454-2464
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