Partner von Patienten mit akuter Hirnschädigung: Angst und Depressivität in der akuten und sub-akuten Krankheitsphase

Zusammenfassung

Nur wenige Arbeiten beschäftigen sich mit der kurzfristigen psychischen Beeinträchtigung der Angehörigen von Patienten mit akuter Hirnschädigung. Wir untersuchten die Prävalenz von Angst und Depressivität der Partner (N=70) von Patienten mit Schädelhirntrauma (SHT) oder Subarachnoidalblutung (SAB) sowie den Einfluss verletzungsbezogener, personaler und kontextueller Merkmale. Die Partner wurden im Mittel 40,3 Tage (SD=15,7; Range 12–85) nach der Hirnverletzung des Patienten mittels Beck Angst-Inventar (BAI) und Beck Depressions-Inventar (BDI) befragt. 30,0% zeigten eine mittlere bis schwere Angstsymptomatik und 14,3% klinisch bedeutsame depressive Beschwerden. Eine stärkere funktionelle Beeinträchtigung des Patienten hing mit einer höheren Depressivität zusammen. Frauen waren emotional stärker beeinträchtigt. Zusätzliche psychosoziale Belastungen, eine akutmedizinische Versorgung sowie tägliche Besuche des Patienten gingen mit einer stärkeren psychischen Beeinträchtigung einher.

Abstract

There are only few studies that deal with psychological distress in short-term carers of patients with acute brain injuries. We investigated the prevalence of anxiety and depression in partners (N=70) of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) or subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAB). Furthermore, we analysed the influence of injury-related, personal, and contextual factors on psychological distress. Partners were interviewed, on average, 40,3 days (SD=15,7, Range 12–85) after the patient’s brain injury. They filled out the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Moderate to severe anxiety was prevalent in 30,0% of the partners, and 14,3% experienced significant depression. Partners of patients low in functional capacity exhibited a higher level of depression. Women were more distressed than men. Additional burden due to psychosocial background stress, acute care of the patient, and daily visits were associated with higher psychological distress.

Schlüsselwörter

Partnerschaft - Schädelhirntrauma - Subarachnoidalblutung - Angst - Depressivität

Keywords

couples - traumatic brain injury - subarachnoid haemorrhage - anxiety - depression

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