Synthesis 2012; 44(18): 2805-2824
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1316763
review
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of N-Heterocyclic Compounds

Tao Liu
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. of China, Fax: +86(10)62781695   eMail: fuhua@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
,
Hua Fu*
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. of China, Fax: +86(10)62781695   eMail: fuhua@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
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Publikationsverlauf

Received: 07. Mai 2012

Accepted after revision: 05. Juni 2012

Publikationsdatum:
13. August 2012 (online)


Abstract

The synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds is an important direction because of their diverse biological functions. Recently, there has been remarkable progress in copper-catalyzed cross couplings with inexpensive, readily available, insensitive-to-air and low-toxicity copper catalysts. This review summarizes recent advances in the copper-catalyzed synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds.

1 Introduction and Background

2 Synthesis of Five-Membered Heterocycles with One Nitrogen Atom

2.1 Pyrrolidine and Pyrrole Derivatives

2.2 Indole Derivatives

2.3 Indolone and Isoindolone Derivatives

2.4 Oxazole, Isoxazole, Benzoxazole and Benzothiazole Derivatives

3 Synthesis of Five-Membered Heterocycles with Two Nitrogen Atoms

3.1 Imidazole Derivatives

3.2 Benzimidazole Derivatives

3.3 Benzimidazolone Derivatives

4 Synthesis of N-Sulfonyltriazoles

5 Synthesis of Six-Membered Heterocycles with One Nitrogen Atom

5.1 Piperidine and Pyridine Derivatives

5.2 Quinoline and Quinolinone Derivatives

5.3 Isoquinoline Derivatives

6 Synthesis of Six-Membered Heterocycles with Two Nitrogen Atoms

6.1 Quinazoline Derivatives

6.2 Quinazolinone Derivatives

7 Synthesis of N-Fused Heterocycles

8 Summary