Zahnärztliche Behandlung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Behinderungen und chronischen Erkrankungen

Einleitung

Weltweit wird seit Jahrzehnten berichtet, dass Patienten mit Behinderungen einen höheren Kariesbefall, mehr unbehandelte Karies, häufiger Gingivitiden und Parodontalerkrankungen, Zahnstellungs- und Kieferanomalien, dentale Traumata und Komplexbefunde aufweisen als gesunde Patienten. Dieser erhöhte Behandlungsbedarf ist zum Teil auf krankheitsbedingte Fehlfunktionen oder eine erschwerte Mundhygiene zurückzuführen und steht somit mittelbar als auch unmittelbar mit der Grunderkrankung in Beziehung. Der Einfluss der Mundgesundheit auf die Allgemeingesundheit ist bei Patienten mit Behinderungen aufgrund der schlechteren zahnärztlichen Versorgung gravierender als bei Gesunden (Abb. [1]).

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