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DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1325040
Seltene maligne Ovarialtumore
Publikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
05. Juli 2013 (online)
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Etwa 10 % aller Ovarialtumore werden den seltenen malignen Ovarialtumoren zugerechnet. Sie teilen sich in die beiden Gruppen der Keimzelltumore (mit einem typischen Erkrankungszeitraum im jungen Erwachsenenalter) und der Keimstrang-Stroma-Tumore (ohne besondere Altersabhängigkeit). Keimzelltumore sind überwiegend endokrin inaktiv, wohingegen einige Keimstrang-Stroma-Tumoren auch hormonell aktiv sind und zu erhöhten Östrogenwerten führen. Obwohl das Staging in Analogie zu den epithelialen Ovarialtumoren erfolgt, unterscheidet sich insbesondere die Therapie der Keimzell- und Keimstrangtumore beträchtlich vom epithelialen Ovarialkarzinom. So besteht die Therapie maligner Keimzelltumore zunächst in einer operativen kompletten Zytoreduktion (i. d. R. fertilitätserhaltend). In den meisten Fällen ist eine adjuvante Kombinationschemotherapie nach dem BEP-Schema indiziert. Bei Keimstrang-Stroma-Tumoren ist in vielen Situationen die chirurgische Therapie alleine ausreichend – auch in der Rezidivtherapie. Eine postoperativ anschließende Chemotherapie wird nur bei fortgeschrittenen Stadien empfohlen und ist hinsichtlich der Effektivität bisher nicht in Studien untersucht worden.
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