Faktorenstruktur der deutschsprachigen Version der BIS/BAS-Skalen in einer Bevölkerungsstichprobe

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund: Das von Carver und White [1] entwickelte Selbsterhebungsinventar Behavioural Inhibition System/Behavioural Activation System Scales (BIS/BAS-Skalen) erfasst die dispositionelle Bestrafungs- und Belohnungssensitivität. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die Faktorenstruktur der deutschsprachigen BIS/BAS-Skalen zu überprüfen.

Material und Methoden: Mittels konfirmatorischer Faktorenanalysen wurde die Anpassungsgüte verschiedener bislang publizierter Faktorenmodelle für die deutschsprachigen BIS/BAS-Skalen in einer Bevölkerungsstichprobe (n = 1881) getestet.

Ergebnisse: Die beste Anpassungsgüte zeigte ein 5-Faktorenmodell mit zwei BIS-Subskalen (Anxiety, Fear) und drei BAS-Subskalen (Drive, Reward Responsiveness, Fun Seeking), wobei die Subskalen BIS-Fear, BAS-Reward Responsiveness und BAS-Fun Seeking eine mangelnde interne Konsistenz aufwiesen. Soziodemografische Auswertungen ergaben höhere BIS/BAS-Summenwerte in jüngeren Altersgruppen sowie höhere BIS-Skalenwerte bei Frauen.

Schlussfolgerungen: Konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen legen ein 5-Faktorenmodell nahe, dessen Anwendung aufgrund unbefriedigender interner Konsistenz einzelner Subskalen jedoch nur bedingt empfohlen werden kann.

Abstract

Background: The Behavioural Inhibition System/Behavioural Activation System Scale (BIS/BAS-Scales) developed by Carver and White [1] is a self-rating instrument to assess the dispositional sensitivity to punishment and reward. The present work aims to examine the factor structure of the German version of the BIS/BAS-Scales.

Material and Methods: In a large German population-based sample (n = 1881) the model fit of several factor models was tested by using confirmatory factor analyses.

Results: The best model fit was found for the 5-factor model with two BIS (anxiety, fear) and three BAS (drive, reward responsiveness, fun seeking) scales, whereas the BIS-fear, the BAS-reward responsiveness, and the BAS-fun seeking subscales showed low internal consistency. The BIS/BAS scales were negatively correlated with age, and women reported higher BIS subscale scores than men.

Conclusion: Confirmatory factor analyses suggest a 5-factor model. However, due to the low internal reliability of some of the subscales the use of this model is questionable.

Schlüsselwörter

BIS/BAS - Faktorenstruktur - Reliabilität - Validität

Key words

BIS/BAS - factor structure - reliability - validity

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