Schluckstörungen nach Schlaganfall

Zusammenfassung

Schluckstörungen treten bei über 60 % der Patienten in der akuten Phase nach Schlaganfall auf. Die mit der Schluckstörung assoziierte Pneumonie ist die häufigste Todesursache unter den medizinischen Komplikationen nach Schlaganfall. Der rechtzeitige Nachweis von Schluckstörungen und die damit einhergehende individualisierte Ernährungsstrategie reduziert diese Komplikation. Die frühzeitige Behandlung verbessert nachweislich die Schluckstörung und reduziert das Risiko für Aspiration und Pneumonie nach Schlaganfall. Es wird ein pragmatisches klinisches Vorgehen in der Diagnostik und Therapie von Schluckstörungen nach Schlaganfall in der Frührehabilitation vorgestellt.

Abstract

Dysphagia affects more than 60 % of acute stroke survivors. Pneumonia due to dysphagia is the most common cause of death after stroke. The early diagnosis of dysphagia and an individualised feeding strategy reduces the incidence of pneumonia and improves the outcome after stroke. Early treatment of dysphagia improves swallowing function and reduces the risk for aspiration and pneumonia after stroke. A pragmatic clinical management of dysphagia in early rehabilitation after stroke is presented.

Schlüsselwörter

Schlaganfall - Dysphagie - Aspiration - Pneumonie

Keywords

stroke - dysphagia - aspiration - pneumonia

• Literatur

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