Rückfallprophylaxe bei Anorexia nervosa

Zusammenfassung

Die Anorexia nervosa (AN) ist durch hohe Rückfallraten gekennzeichnet. Therapiekonzepte zur Rückfallprophylaxe, die auf die Aufrechterhaltung der in der Akutbehandlung erreichten Veränderungen ausgerichtet sind, können als eines von mehreren Elementen innerhalb eines integrativen Gesamtbehandlungsplans den Krankheitsverlauf der AN verbessern. Das Behandlungskonzept Maudsley Model of Anorexia Nervosa Treatment in Adults (MANTRA) von Schmidt & Treasure beinhaltet ein solches Therapieprogramm zur Rückfallprophylaxe, das 5 Phasen umfasst: eine initiale Phase des Veränderungsdialogs und der Motivierung, die Erarbeitung eines individuellen Rückfallmodells, die Förderung kognitiver und sozio-emotionaler Fertigkeiten, die Arbeit an der Identität der Patientin sowie eine abschließende Bilanzierungsphase. Das Therapieprogramm ist auf der Basis des Störungsmodells der AN von Schmidt & Treasure sowie empirischen Befunden zu Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren bezüglich Krankheitsrückfällen entwickelt worden.

Abstract

Anorexia nervosa is characterised by high relapse rates and thus there is a need for strategies that reduce reoccurrence of illness. One way of achieving this is to integrate relapse prevention into treatment, but clearly this requires identification of risk and maintenance factors. The Maudsley Model of Anorexia Nervosa Treatment in Adults (MANTRA) by Schmidt & Treasure has 5 major treatment stages. These include an initial stage of motivation and dialogue about change, an individual relapse formulation, improvement of cognitive and socio-emotional skills, work on the patient’s identity and eventually a final stage of ending and parting. These treatment stages are derived from a maintenance model of AN by Schmidt & Treasure and on evidence from recovered patients and part of their objective is to prevent relapse.

Schlüsselwörter

Anorexia nervosa - Essstörung - Rückfallprophylaxe - Therapie

Keywords

anorexia nervosa - eating disorder - relapse prevention - therapy

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