Download PDF
Facial Plast Surg 2013; 29(02): 106-115
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341588
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Three-dimensional Evaluation of Unilateral Cleft Rhinoplasty Results

Tatiana Katharina Dixon
1   Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
,
Benjamin Patrick Caughlin
1   Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
,
Nicholas Munaretto
2   Department of Engineering, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois
,
Dean M. Toriumi
1   Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
05 April 2013 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging is a relatively new method of objectively evaluating surgical results, allowing the surgeon to accurately measure postsurgical changes with little inconvenience to the patient. Its accuracy and reliability has been consistently demonstrated in the literature. This article describes updated methods that we use with 3D imaging software to assess rhinoplasty results at our institution. The measurements described include the assessment of symmetry, tip projection, rotation, volume, width, and topographic width. We also apply these techniques to assess the surgical changes of patients with unilateral clefts who underwent secondary rhinoplasty performed by the senior author.

Keywords

3D imaging - stereophotogrammetry - rhinoplasty - unilateral cleft - objective measurements
 

  • References

  • 1 Toriumi DM, Dixon TK. Assessment of rhinoplasty techniques by overlay of before-and-after 3D images. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2011; 19: 711-723 , ix
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 3dMD. Available at: www.3dMD.com . Accessed March 14, 2013
    PubMed
  • 3 Farkas LG, Bryson W, Klotz J. Is photogrammetry of the face reliable?. Plast Reconstr Surg 1980; 66: 346-355
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Lübbers HT, Medinger L, Kruse A, Grätz KW, Matthews F. Precision and accuracy of the 3dMD photogrammetric system in craniomaxillofacial application. J Craniofac Surg 2010; 21: 763-767
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Aldridge K, Boyadjiev SA, Capone GT, DeLeon VB, Richtsmeier JT. Precision and error of three-dimensional phenotypic measures acquired from 3dMD photogrammetric images. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 138A: 247-253
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 Weinberg SM, Naidoo S, Govier DP, Martin RA, Kane AA, Marazita ML. Anthropometric precision and accuracy of digital three-dimensional photogrammetry: comparing the Genex and 3dMD imaging systems with one another and with direct anthropometry. J Craniofac Surg 2006; 17: 477-483
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 7 Schaaf H, Malik CY, Streckbein P, Pons-Kuehnemann J, Howaldt HP, Wilbrand JF. Three-dimensional photographic analysis of outcome after helmet treatment of a nonsynostotic cranial deformity. J Craniofac Surg 2010; 21: 1677-1682
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 van Heerbeek N, Ingels KJ, van Loon B, Plooij JM, Bergé SJ. Three dimensional measurement of rhinoplasty results. Rhinology 2009; 47: 121-125
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Honrado CP, Lee S, Bloomquist DS, Larrabee Jr WF. Quantitative assessment of nasal changes after maxillomandibular surgery using a 3-dimensional digital imaging system. Arch Facial Plast Surg 2006; 8: 26-35
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 van Loon B, van Heerbeek N, Maal TJ , et al. Postoperative volume increase of facial soft tissue after percutaneous versus endonasal osteotomy technique in rhinoplasty using 3D stereophotogrammetry. Rhinology 2011; 49: 121-126
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Simanca E, Morris D, Zhao L, Reisberg D, Viana G. Measuring progressive soft tissue change with nasoalveolar molding using a three-dimensional system. J Craniofac Surg 2011; 22: 1622-1625
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 van Loon B, Maal TJ, Plooij JM , et al. 3D Stereophotogrammetric assessment of pre- and postoperative volumetric changes in the cleft lip and palate nose. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 39: 534-540
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 van Loon B, Reddy SG, van Heerbeek N , et al. 3D stereophotogrammetric analysis of lip and nasal symmetry after primary cheiloseptoplasty in complete unilateral cleft lip repair. Rhinology 2011; 49: 546-553
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 14 Goode RL. A method of tip projection measurement. In: Powell N, Humphrey B, , eds. Proportions of the Aesthetic Face. New York, NY: Thieme-Stratton; 1984: 15-39
    Search in Google Scholar