Cardenolides and Bufadienolide Glycosides from Kalanchoe tubiflora and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity

Abstract

Two new cardenolides, kalantubolide A (1) and kalantubolide B (2), and two bufadienolide glycosides, kalantuboside A (3) and kalantuboside B (4), as well as eleven known compounds were isolated and characterized from the EtOH extract of Kalanchoe tubiflora. The structures of compounds were assigned based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses including HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY. Biological evaluation indicated that cardenolides (1–2) and bufadienolide glycosides (3–7) showed strong cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines (A549, Cal-27, A2058, and HL-60) with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.01 µM to 10.66 µM. Cardenolides (1–2) also displayed significant cytotoxicity toward HL-60 tumor cell line. In addition, compounds 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 blocked the cell cycle in the G2/M-phase and induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells.

Key words

Chinese herb - cardenolides - bufadienolide glycosides - Crassulaceae - Kalanchoe tubiflora - apoptosis

• References

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