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Frauenheilkunde up2date 2015; 9(2): 99-111
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1358113
Geburtshilfe und Perinatalmedizin
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Prädisposition/Phänotypen des Gestationsdiabetes

Helmut Kleinwechter
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Publication History

Publication Date:
21 April 2015 (online)

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Kernaussagen

  • Gestationsdiabetes gehört heute in den Industrienationen zu den häufigsten Schwangerschaftskomplikationen mit zunehmender Tendenz.

  • Allen Schwangeren wird verbindlich seit März 2012 in Deutschland als gesetzliche Vorgabe ein Blutglukose-Screening auf GDM als Bestandteil der Mutterschaftsrichtlinien angeboten.

  • Die GDM-Prädisposition deckt sich weitgehend mit der des Typ-2-Diabetes.

  • Prävention des GDM ist somit Prävention des Typ-2-Diabetes und nur durch umfassende gesundheits- und ordnungspolitische Maßnahmen effektiv umsetzbar.

  • Ein einheitlicher GDM-Phänotyp existiert nicht, Hauptrisiken sind höheres Lebensalter, höherer BMI der Schwangeren, ungünstiger Lebensstil und ein bereits durchgemachter GDM.

  • Ein intrauterines, hyperglykämisches Milieu programmiert das Risiko für Übergewicht und Adipositas für die Kinder.

 

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