Effect of Glyceryl Trinitrate on Staphylococcus aureus Growth and Leukocyte Activation during Simulated Extracorporeal Circulation

Abstract

Background Previously, nitric oxide has been shown to possess antimicrobial effects. In this study, we aim to test the effect of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) on Staphylococcus aureus growth during simulated extracorporeal circulation (SECC) and also to examine the effect of S. aureus, alone and in combination with GTN, on activation markers of the innate immune system during SECC.

Methods In an in vitro system of SECC, we measured GTN-induced changes in markers of leukocyte activation in whole blood caused by S. aureus infestation, as well as the effect of GTN on S. aureus growth.

Results GTN had no effect on S. aureus growth after 240 minutes SECC. Staphylococcus aureus reduced the expression of granulocyte Fcγ-receptor CD32 but stimulated the expression of monocyte CD32. Staphylococcus aureus stimulated expression of some leukocyte adhesion key proteins, activation marker CD66b, lipopolysaccharide-receptor CD14, and C3b-receptor CD35. Staphylococcus aureus and GTN addition induced significant increases in monocyte CD63 (lysosomal granule protein) levels.

Conclusion GTN does not affect S. aureus growth during SECC and has no effect on SECC-induced leukocyte activation.

Keywords

glyceryl trinitrate - Staphylococcus aureus - simulated extracorporeal circulation - postoperative infection - cardiac surgery

Note

This study was approved by the appropriate ethics committee and performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

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