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Horm Metab Res 2014; 46(04): 274-282
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1363657
Endocrine Care
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

The Mediterranean Diet Adoption Improves Metabolic, Oxidative, and Inflammatory Abnormalities in Algerian Metabolic Syndrome Patients

L. Bekkouche
1   Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Université d’Oran, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Oran, Algérie
,
M. Bouchenak
1   Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Université d’Oran, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Oran, Algérie
,
W. J. Malaisse
2   Laboratory of Experimental Hormonology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
,
D. Ait Yahia
3   Université d’Oran, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Département de Biologie, Oran, Algérie
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 29 August 2013

accepted 05 December 2013

Publication Date:
20 January 2014 (online)

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Abstract

This study was aimed to explore the effects of Mediterranean diet (MD) adoption on insulin resistance, oxidative, and inflammatory status in metabolic syndrome (MS) patients. Eighty four patients with MS were randomly recruited in the medical centers of Oran, Algeria. Eighteen healthy participants were selected as a control group. Among these 84 patients, only 36 patients completed the nutritional advices for 3 months. Patients were instructed to follow a Mediterranean-style diet and received some other selected nutritional and physical activity instructions. Anthropometric measurements were performed and a questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake. Blood samples were drawn at baseline and after 3 months of nutritional intervention from all subjects. At baseline, the MS patients were obese and had altered anthropometric parameters, higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, plasma lipids, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, urea, creatinine, uric acid, and lower albumin compared to healthy subjects. A decrease in plasma, erythrocyte, and platelet antioxidant enzymes, and a rise in lipid and protein oxidation, plasma CRP, and fibrinogen were noted in the MS patients. Moreover, they had an unbalanced dietary pattern when compared to Mediterranean recommendations. Patients following the Mediterranean-style diet had significantly reduced weight, BMI, waist circumference, waist/hip circumference ratio, decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, cholesterol, triacylglycerols, CRP, urea, creatinine, creatinine clearance, lipid and protein oxidation, and higher plasma, erythrocyte, and platelet antioxidant enzymes. In conclusion, a lifestyle intervention based mainly on nutritional advices improves metabolic, oxidative, and inflammatory abnormalities of metabolic syndrome.

Key words

metabolic syndrome - mediterranean diet - human - inflammation - oxidative stress - nutrient intake
 

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