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Zeitschrift für Palliativmedizin 2014; 15(05): 232-237
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1370030
Originalarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Patienten mit einem Bronchuskarzinom auf einer Palliativstation

Eine prospektive Studie über die Symptome und deren BehandlungPatients with a Lung Cancer on a Palliative Care UnitA Prospective Study about Symptoms and their Treatment
C. Camartin
1   Kantonsspital Graubünden, Palliative Care, Chur, Schweiz
,
M. Kuhn
2   Kantonsspital Graubünden, Pneumologie, Chur, Schweiz
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
22 September 2014 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Einleitung: In der Schweiz ist das Bronchuskarzinom der häufigste Tumor bei Männern und der zweithäufigste Tumor bei Frauen. Auf unserer Palliativstation beträgt der Anteil von Patienten mit einem pulmonalen oder pleuralen Tumor 25,7 % aller Zuweisungen. Die Morbidität und Mortalität dieser Patienten ist sehr hoch.

Material und Methode: In dieser prospektiven Studie haben wir vom 1. November 2012 bis zum 31. Oktober 2013 die Beschwerden aller Patienten mit einem pulmonalen und pleuralen Tumor erfasst. Täglich wurden Dyspnoe, Husten, störende Schleimproduktion, Schmerzen, Hämoptoe, Appetitlosigkeit, emotionale Belastungen, Schlafprobleme, Fatigue, Suizidgedanken, soziale und familiäre Probleme aufgezeichnet und auf einer visuellen Analogskala in 5 Schweregrade eingeordnet. Eine standardisierte Therapie der Beschwerden wurde durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse: 52 Patienten wurden erfasst. Alle Patienten haben eine Vielzahl von Beschwerden angegeben. Die häufigsten Beschwerden waren Appetitverlust, Fatigue, Schmerzen und Dyspnoe. Die Dyspnoe war das Symptom mit der subjektiv stärksten Belastung. Bei den entlassenen Patienten konnte eine deutliche Verbesserung der Dyspnoe und der Schmerzen beobachtet werden. Die übrigen Symptome konnten kaum beeinflusst werden. 56 % der Patienten sind während des Aufenthalts verstorben.

Folgerung: Pulmonale und pleurale Tumoren sind häufige Tumoren auf Palliativstationen. Die Morbidität und Mortalität ist sehr hoch. Vorherrschende Symptome sind Appetitlosigkeit und Fatigue. Eine erfolgreiche Behandlung der belastenden Symptome Dyspnoe und Schmerzen ist mit einer standardisierten Therapie möglich. Suizidgedanken werden selten ausgedrückt.

Abstract

Context: In Switzerland, lung cancer is the most common type of cancer among men and the second most common type of cancer among women. Patients with lung cancer and mesothelioma represent 25.7 % of the admissions to our palliative care unit. The morbidity and mortality rates of these patients are very high.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to provide an overview over symptoms and treatment of patients with lung cancer and mesothelioma in a palliative care unit.

Methods: In this prospective study, we had collected the data of afflictions suffered by patients with pulmonary and pleural tumour in our specialized palliative care unit, from November 2012 till October 2013. On a daily basis, dyspnoea, cough, disturbing phlegm production, pain, haemoptysis, appetite loss, emotional stress, sleep disturbance, fatigue, suicidal thoughts, social and family problems were recorded. The degrees of severity were ranked on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) from 0 to 5 (0 = no symptom to 5 = maximal symptoms). Standardized treatments for these afflictions were administered.

Results: 52 patients have been observed. All patients have complained of suffering from more than one symptom. The most common complaints were loss of appetite, fatigue, pain and dyspnoea. Dyspnoea was the most severe affliction the patients have been recorded to have suffered from. Among the patients who were discharged, dyspnoea and pain have been observed to have considerably good treatment results. As for the other symptoms, they could hardly be managed at all. 56 % of the patients have died during their confinement.

Conclusions: Patients diagnosed with lung cancer and mesotheliomas are common in a palliative care unit. Morbidity and mortality rates are very high. Loss of appetite and fatigue are the two most prevalent symptoms. A successful treatment of the two most severe afflictions, dyspnoea and pain, is possible. Among the patients, suicidal thoughts were rarely present.

Schlüsselwörter

Bronchuskarzinom - Mesotheliom - Palliative Care - Symptome

Keywords

lung cancer - mesothelioma - palliative care - symptoms
 

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