Talusfrakturen

Zusammenfassung

Talusfrakturen sind seltene, aber in der Regel schwerwiegende Frakturen. Eine Einteilung erfolgt in Taluskopf-, Talushals- und Taluskorpusfrakturen, welche meist Folge von Hochenergietraumata sind. Davon unterschieden werden randständige Frakturen (z. B. Fraktur des Processus lateralis tali, „snowboarderʼs fracture“), die schon bei wenig Energie auftreten können. Talusfrakturen betreffen in der großen Mehrzahl wichtige Gelenkflächen und werden grundsätzlich operativ versorgt, es sei denn, sie sind absolut undisloziert. Die Besonderheit des Talus ist seine überwiegend aus Gelenkflächen bestehende Oberfläche und die damit verbundene generell prekäre Durchblutung bei Frakturen und Luxationen mit hoher Rate an Osteonekrosen und Pseudarthrosen.

Abstract

Fractures of the talus are rare but usually serious injuries. They are classified into fractures of the talar head, the talar neck, and the talar body; these fractures mostly arise from high-energy trauma. Apart from the high-energy fractures, low-energy peripheral talar fractures are also distinguished, i. e., fractures of the lateral process or “snowboarderʼs fractures”. In the majority of cases, fractures of the talus affect important articular surfaces and are treated operatively, unless they are absolutely undisplaced. A special feature of the talus is its surface that mainly consists of articular surfaces, and, coupled to this, its generally susceptible perfusion with a high rate of osteonecrosis and non-unions after fractures.

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