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Semin Speech Lang 2014; 35(03): C1-C10
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1384813
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Self-Assessment Questions

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Publication History

Publication Date:
19 August 2014 (online)

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This section provides a review. Mark each statement on the Answer Sheet according to the factual materials contained in this issue and the opinions of the authors.

Article One (pp. 155–158)

  1. What is the most common presenting symptom of concussion?

    • Dizziness

    • Headache

    • Disorientation

    • Balance disturbance

  2. In the acute treatment of concussion, which of the following is restricted?

    • Sleeping

    • Reading

    • Texting

    • All of the above

    • B and C

  3. Which of the following would not be a modification to enable a student to return to school after a concussion?

    • Rest periods during the day

    • Required attendance in all classes

    • Extension of assignments

    • Postponement of tests

    • Extended testing time

  4. How much time is required between each step in the return-to-play protocol?

    • 6 hours

    • 12 hours

    • 24 hours

    • 48 hours

    Article Two (pp. 159–165)

  5. Which of the following metabolic events occur immediately after a mild traumatic brain injury?

    • Changes in ion fluxes

    • Abnormal glucose metabolism

    • Altered oxygen levels

    • All of the above

    • None of the above

  6. Concussion, also called mild traumatic brain injury, may be defined as

    • permanent brain injury from a blow to the head

    • transitory brain injury as a result from a blow to the head

    • chronic brain injury as a result of multiple blows to the head

    • none of the above

  7. Which of the following has contributed to the delay in the understanding of mild traumatic brain injury?

    • Lack of animal models

    • Inability to study neuronal metabolism in humans

    • Lack of interest in this research filed

    • All of the above

  8. Which of the following is true about chronic traumatic encephalopathy?

    • It is diagnosed only postmortem.

    • It is a progressive degenerative disease that occurs as a result of repetitive brain injury.

    • Some of the symptoms include irritability, depression, short-term memory loss.

    • All of the above are correct.

    • Only B is correct.

    Article Three (pp. 166–172)

  9. Initial management decisions about concussion typically

    • are based on loss of consciousness

    • involve speech-language pathologists

    • are influenced by the etiology of the injury

    • are best informed by imaging studies

    • all of the above

  10. Speech-language pathologists are involved in community-based concussion rehabilitation at which level(s)?

    • Acute care

    • Inpatient rehabilitation

    • Outpatient rehabilitation

    • Prevention and advocacy

    • All of the above

  11. The purpose of the clinical interview in the initial assessment is to

    • identify quantifiable treatment goals

    • establish a profile of preconcussion function

    • determine norm-referenced levels of function

    • interpret test data

    • all of the above

  12. Which statement(s) regarding concussion policies is (are) accurate?

    • Most state laws require participants in regulated sports to acknowledge the risks of concussion.

    • Recreational sports leagues for adults are typically not bound by state laws regarding concussion.

    • Best practice for immediate concussion management in sports-related concussion is to remove the athlete from play.

    • Every state in the United States has passed a version of concussion legislation into law.

    • All of the above are true.

  13. Accommodations in the work or school setting for deficits in cognitive-communicative function after concussion

    • may involve modifications in workload and responsibilities

    • are always based on the individual's premorbid level of function

    • are not necessary for successful return because there may be no outwardly visible signs of impairment

    • typically require use of technology for smooth transition

    • all of the above

    Article Four (pp. 173–185)

  14. Who should interpret test results of neurocognitive functioning?

    • Athletic trainer and coach

    • Not the coach but the athletic trainer

    • A trained clinician such as a neuropsychologist or speech-language pathologist trained in mild traumatic brain injury assessment

    • A family physician

  15. What is multimodal assessment in concussion management?

    • Neurocognitive assessment that includes memory, attention, learning, reaction time and processing speed

    • Balance and neurocognitive assessment along with medical history and postconcussion symptom evaluation

    • Balance/postural stability and neurocognitive assessment

    • A postconcussion symptom assessment that includes the evaluation of somatic, cognitive, and psychological symptoms

  16. Who introduced the baseline assessment approach?

    • Symonds in the 1960s

    • ImPACT test developers in the late 1990s

    • Collie and his colleagues in the 1990s

    • Bath and colleagues in late 1980s

  17. Current concussion management and return-to-play/service protocol

    • never allows the athlete or soldier to return to play/service the same day following a mild head injury as symptoms could evolve with delayed onset

    • allows the asymptomatic athlete/soldier to return to play/active duty the same day following a concussion

    • allows the athlete or soldier to return to play/service 7 to 10 days postinjury

    • requires the athlete/soldier not to experience any postconcussion symptoms only in order to return to play/active duty

  18. Current computerized concussion assessment batteries

    • are used as diagnostic tools

    • are not to be used as diagnostic tools; they assist the clinician to evaluate cognitive deficits and symptoms following a concussion

    • are not appropriate for assessment of soldiers with mild traumatic brain injury; they are specifically designed for testing athletes

    • are not valid assessment tools when compared to traditional paper-and-pencil neuropsychological assessment tools

    Article Five (pp. 186–195)

  19. What sensory domain(s) is/are potentially relevant for measuring balance in concussion?

    • Vision

    • Somatosensation

    • Vestibular

    • All of the above

  20. What clinical tests are currently validated for use in balance assessment for adults with concussion?

    • Sensory Organization Test

    • Balance Error Scoring System (BESS)

    • Nintendo WiiFit

    • B and C

    • A and B

  21. In the BESS, what is/are the stance configuration(s)?

    • Two feet together

    • One foot

    • Heel to toe

    • All of the above

    • A and B

  22. Lingering effects of concussion on balance abilities may be found in which type of tasks?

    • Clinical tests of balance

    • Dynamic tests of balance

    • Sideline tests of balance

    • All of the above

  23. Of the methods used that have shown prolonged abnormalities in balance control postconcussion, which is likely the best method to implement in the clinic?

    • Dual task

    • Nintendo Wii

    • Gait analysis

    • BESS

    Article Six (pp. 196–203)

  24. What type of medication usually requires therapeutic drug monitoring?

    • Medications with a narrow therapeutic toxic ratio

    • Medications with a large therapeutic toxic ratio

    • Medications with frequent side effects

    • Medications used for life-threatening conditions

    • All of the above

  25. Which is the best definition for pharmacodynamic effect?

    • The science that studies the effect of the drug on a particular receptor

    • The science that studies the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of the drug

    • The science that studies the relationship between the therapeutics and toxicity of a drug

    • The science that studies the benefits and disadvantages of a drug

  26. Which of the following anticonvulsants is more likely to cause nystagmus?

    • Levetiracetam

    • Gabapentin

    • Lamotrigine

    • Phenytoin

    • Valproic acid

  27. Which one of the following medications may be a better choice for neurologically mediated pain?

    • Ibuprofen

    • Acetaminophen

    • Gabapentin

    • Amitriptyline

    • Hydrocodone

  28. Which one of the following medications is known to cause ototoxicity?

    • Lorazepam

    • Gentamicin

    • Fosphenytoin

    • Morphine

    • Cisatracurium

    Article Seven (pp. 204–210)

  29. When working with an athlete with postconcussion syndrome, the clinician should progress activity

    • as desired by the patient

    • using a standardized progression without attending to patient symptoms

    • using a standardized progression that attends only to moderate to severe headache, dizziness, imbalance, and so on

    • using a standardized progression that halts once even mild symptoms like headache, dizziness, imbalance, and so on occur

    • activity can only be progressed when approved by the team physician

  30. Dizziness or imbalance is attributed to the cervical spine when

    • the patient has impaired vestibular ocular reflex

    • benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is ruled out

    • the dizziness or imbalance occurs when the neck is stabilized, but painful

    • the patient reports a sense that objects are moving in the environment

    • the dizziness or imbalance occurs when the patient reports pain while moving the neck

  31. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a condition of the semicircular canals of the inner ear. It occurs when

    • endolymph fails to move within the inner ear

    • otoconia migrate to the utricle

    • otoconia migrate into one or more of the semicircular canals

    • utricle migrates into the semicircular canals

    • there is a rupture of the cupula

  32. People who experience blurred vision, dizziness, vertigo, disequilibrium when moving their head

    • have motion sensitivity caused by poor gaze stability

    • have an impaired vestibular ocular reflex

    • have unilateral benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

    • have difficulty in busy environments like the grocery store

    • have bilateral benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

  33. An intervention that targets impaired vestibular ocular reflex includes

    • maintaining gaze on one point while the head moves

    • having the patient stand while the environment moves around him

    • Dix Hallpike maneuver

    • canalith repositioning procedure

    • standing with feet together and maintaining gaze without moving the head

    Article Eight (pp. 211–220)

  34. Changing the aggressive attitude inherent in sports is a way to address the issue of?

    • environmental modification

    • epidemiology

    • concussion education

    • enforcement

    • all of above

  35. Investigating the concussion mechanism is the application of

    • environmental modification

    • epidemiology

    • concussion education

    • enforcement

    • all of above

  36. Current concussion legislation is mainly targeted at

    • professional athletes

    • youth sports players

    • adults who engage in recreational sports

    • collegiate athletes

    • all of above

  37. Which strategy is the most effective at prevention of sports concussion?

    • Wearing helmets

    • Changing sports rules

    • Conducting baseline tests for athletes

    • Concussion education

    • None of above

  38. Which specialist has the most important role in preventing sports concussion?

    • Physicians

    • Coaches

    • Safety equipment designers

    • Athletes

    • All of above

    Article Nine (pp. 221–233)

  39. Which of the following communication disorders occurs most frequently following concussion?

    • Apraxia of speech

    • Nonfluent aphasia

    • Dysarthria

    • Acquired neurogenic stuttering

    • All of the above

  40. Survey estimates of dysarthria prevalence following closed head injury indicate occurrence from

    • 50% in acute care settings to 60% in outpatient clinics

    • 23% in acute care settings to 65% in outpatient clinics

    • 65% in acute care settings to 23% in outpatient clinics

    • 10% across all clinical settings

    • none of the above

  41. _________ is _________ motor disorder that similarly affects muscle function for both speech and nonspeech activities.

    • Apraxia of speech / generalized

    • Apraxia of speech / function specific

    • Dysphagia / speech specific

    • Nonfluent aphasia / linguistic

    • Dysarthria / generalized

  42. Important cranial nerves directly involved in speech production that should be routinely evaluated by the speech-language pathologist are

    • V (trigeminal), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), and XII (hypoglossal)

    • II (optic), III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), VI (abducens), and XI (spinal accessory)

    • XIII (combustible), XIV (actuarial), XV (incredulous), XVI (cataclysmic), and XVII (specious)

    • all of the above

    • none of the above

  43. Which of the following is a quasistandardized diagnostic instrument for dysarthria that evaluates percentage of words understood in isolated words and sentences, as well as rate of speech, and provides an indication of communicative efficiency?

    • The Frenchay Dysarthria Examination-2

    • The Dowrkin-Cullata Oral Mechanism Examination and Treatment System

    • The Sideline Assessment for Sport-Related Concussion

    • Apraxia Battery for Adults-2

    • Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech

    Article Ten (pp. 234–240)

  44. Which is an example of potential future clinical tools of traumatic brain injury?

    • X-ray

    • computerized tomography

    • Paper-and-pencil test

    • Functional magnetic resonance imaging

    • All of the above

  45. What neuroimaging tools can detect white matter damages in traumatic brain injury?

    • Paper-and-pencil test

    • Diffusion tensor imaging

    • Traumatic magnetic stimulation

    • A and C

    • All of the above

  46. Which of the following neuroimaging technique used as a clinical tool in traumatic brain injury measures the blood oxygen level difference response?

    • Traumatic magnetic stimulation

    • Blood test

    • Functional magnetic resonance imaging

    • Magnetoencephalography

    • Diffusion tensor imaging

  47. Which of the following clinical tool's features is important to consider when the patient is suspected of having traumatic brain injury/concussion?

    • Accuracy

    • Immediate availability

    • Validity

    • Reliability

    • All of the above

  48. What is the current controversial issue between neuroimaging tests and neuropsychological tests?

    • Neuroimaging tests are too expensive.

    • Neuroimaging tests cannot facilitate theoretically driven treatments.

    • Cognitive psychological tests can only be used to supplement assessments.

    • There is a gap of outcomes from both clinical tools when they are applied to an individual with traumatic brain injury.

    • Computerized cognitive psychological tests can replace the clinician's role in the assessment of traumatic brain injury.