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Aktuelle Ernährungsmedizin 2015; 40(02): 88-92
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1387602
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Nutrigenomics: Toward a Cross-Disciplinary Understanding of Nutrient-Driven Networks in Health and Disease

What Can we Learn from the Study of Cross-Talk in Complex Protein Kinase and Metabolic Networks?Nutrigenenomik: Interdisziplinäre Forschung zum besseren Verständnis von ernährungsbedingten Einflüssen bei der Entstehung- und Behandlung von KrankheitenWas können wir aus der Analyse der Interaktion von Signaltransduktion und Stoffwechselwegen lernen?
I. Heiland
1   Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT Arctic University of Norway, Naturfagbygget, Tromsø, Norway
,
K. Thedieck
2   Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
3   Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
28 April 2015 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die Nutrigenomik untersucht an der Grenze zwischen Life Sciences und Medizin den Einfluss von Nahrungskomponenten auf molekulare Prozesse über alle Skalen hinweg, von der Zelle bis hin zum gesamten Organismus. Eine breite Methodenpalette von Hoch-, Mittel- und Niedrigdurchsatzverfahren sowie bioinformatischen und computergestützten Modellierungsansätzen hat in den letzten Jahren zu neuen Einblicken in die molekularen Antworten auf Nährstoffe und deren Einfluss auf eine Reihe von Krankheitsbildern geführt. Anhand der Beispiele der mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-, aminosäure- und NAD-abhängigen Signalwege diskutieren wir neue Entwicklungen in der Nutrigenomik und ihren möglichen Beitrag zur Entwicklung von zielgerichteteten und individualisierten Ernährungsinterventionen.

Abstract

The emerging discipline of nutrigenomics analyzes the impact of dietary components on health and disease at all scales from cell to organism. Using a wide range of high, medium, and low throughput experimental techniques, bioinformatics and computational modeling, we have in recent years gained some insight into molecular mechanisms underlying nutritional responses and their impact on a wide range of diseases, including neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases, as well as cancer.

Focusing on the examples of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), amino acid, and NAD-dependent signaling in the context of mal- and overnutrition, and caloric restriction, we discuss recent advances in nutrigenomics and their future promises for the development of targeted nutritional interventions.

Keywords

nutrition - (epi-)genome - transcriptome - metabolome - signaling - computational biology

Schlüsselwörter

Ernährung - (Epi-)Genetik - Transkriptom - Metabolom - Signaltransduktion - Bioinformatik und Modellierung
 

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