Versorgung psychiatrischer Notfälle in psychiatrischen Kliniken in Deutschland

Zusammenfassung

Ziel der Untersuchung: Systematische Erfassung des diagnostischen und therapeutischen Vorgehens bei psychiatrischen Notfällen in deutschen psychiatrischen Kliniken.

Methodik: In einem Fragebogen wurden Versorgungsstrukturen der Kliniken und diagnostische und therapeutische Maßnahmen bei psychiatrischen Notfällen erfasst.

Ergebnisse: 42 % aller stationären Aufnahmen waren Notaufnahmen. Als Notfallstandard wurden körperliche Untersuchung, Blutdruck- und Pulsmessung, Laborbestimmungen und Atemalkoholanalyse genannt. Die gebräuchlichsten Psychopharmaka für Notfallsituationen waren Diazepam, Lorazepam, Haloperidol und Zuclopenthixol.

Schlussfolgerung: Die Versorgung psychiatrischer Notfälle bedarf klarer Standards in Diagnostik und Therapie. Hierzu sind weitere, spezifischere Daten erforderlich.

Abstract

Objective: Psychiatric hospitals are confronted with high rates of psychiatric emergencies. There are, however, only few investigations that focus on psychiatric emergency care in German psychiatric hospitals, their supply structures and diagnostic and treatment standards. The aim of the survey was a systematic acquisition of the diagnostic and therapeutic approach in treating psychiatric emergencies in German psychiatric hospitals.

Methods: We conducted a survey in psychiatric hospitals throughout Germany. The questionnaire consisted of questions concerning the structures of supply and diagnostic and therapeutic standards treating psychiatric emergencies.

Results: 42 % of all admissions to German psychiatric hospitals were emergency admissions. More than 60 % of the patients in psychiatric emergency ambulances had to receive inpatient treatment. As standard procedures for medical clearing in psychiatric emergencies physical examination, measurement of heart rate and blood pressure and conducting certain laboratory tests and breath alcohol were named. The most common psychopharmacological agents for emergency situations were diazepam, lorazepam, haloperidol and zuclopenthixol.

Conclusion: Diagnosing and treating psychiatric emergencies need more standardisation. More specific data is required to generate diagnostic and therapeutic standards.

Schlüsselwörter

psychiatrischer Notfall - Ambulanz - diagnostischer Standard - systematische Untersuchung

Keywords

psychiatric emergency setting - ambulance - diagnostic standard - systematic survey

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