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DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1395010
In vitro antiproliferative evaluation of underground organs essential oil and fractions of Aldama arenaria Baker
Aldama arenaria Baker (Asteraceae) is a species found in central-eastern state of São Paulo, with strongly thickened underground stem and roots and alternate leaves with several pharmacological activities [1]. In vitro antiproliferative activity studies indicate that aerial organs essential oil (EO) has a potential activity when tested on solid cancer human cell lines [2,3]. The aim of this study was evaluated the underground organs EO. Plants were collected at flowering stage in Itirapina/SP and submitted to EO extraction by hydrodistillation in Clevenger. The chromatographic fractionation resulted in seven fractions (X1 to X7). The analysis were performed by gas chromatography with mass selective detector (GC-MS). In vitro antiproliferative activity were performed according to protocols by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), for 7 human tumor cell lines: U251 (CNS), NCI-ADR/RES (multi-drug resistant ovarian), 786 – 0 (kidney), NCI-H460 (lung), PC-03 (prostate), HT-29 (colon), K-562 (leukemia), and a strain normal cells (3T3). The EO yield was 0.07% and the chemical composition by GC-MS showed monoterpenes (39.2%), sesquiterpenes (22.0%) and diterpenes (28.5%). The main compounds identified were α-pinene, carotol and ent-8-(14),15-pimaradien-3-β-ol. In vitro antiproliferative activity results of EO and fractions showed that the X5 fraction was the most active. From the cell growth curves as a function of concentration, the parameter TGI (Total Growth Inhibition – effective concentration for total inhibition of cell growth) was calculated and the experimental data demonstrated that X5 presented moderated activity for glioma strains (TGI = 6.41 µg.mL-1), resistant ovary (TGI =11.88 µg.mL-1), kidney (TGI = 10.25 µg.mL-1), prostate (TGI =7.19 µg.mL-1), and colon (TGI = 10.71 µg.mL-1). This fraction was characterized by the presence of diterpene compounds, mostly by alcohol ent-8-(14),15-pimaradien-3-β-ol (23.9%).
Acknowledgements: AFPU/UNICAMP, FAPESP 2010/51454 – 3.
Keywords: Aldama arenaria, antiproliferative, essential oil
References:
[1] Porto, T. S. et. al. (2009), Fitoterapia, 80, 432 – 436.
[2] Oliveira, A. S. S., et. al. (2013), I° SIIC, Campinas/SP.
[3] Oliveira, A. S. S., (2013), Master's Thesis, Campinas/SP.