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Am J Perinatol 2015; 32(06): 531-536
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1395481
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Impact of Routine Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Surveillance and Cohorting on MRSA-Related Bloodstream Infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Ashlesha Kaushik
1   Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas
,
Helen Kest
2   Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, St. Joseph's Children's Hospital, Paterson, New Jersey
,
Adel Zauk
3   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, St. Joseph's Children's Hospital, Paterson, New Jersey
,
Vincent A. DeBari
4   School of Health and Medical Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, New Jersey
,
Michael Lamacchia
5   Department of Pediatrics, St. Joseph's Children's Hospital, Paterson, New Jersey
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

23 June 2014

23 September 2014

Publication Date:
29 December 2014 (online)

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Abstract

Objective To study the impact of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) surveillance on the incidence of MRSA-related bloodstream infection (BSI) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and to evaluate cost-effectiveness of MRSA surveillance.

Study Design MRSA surveillance policy was introduced in our NICU in April 2008. Pre-MRSA surveillance period (P1, April 2006–March 2008) was compared with the surveillance period (P2, April 2008–April 2010) for MRSA-related BSI (MRSA BSI).

Results During P1 and P2, 1,576 and 1,512 neonates were enrolled. Of these, 3.8/1,000 and 5.3/1,000 developed MRSA BSI, respectively. During P2, 100% MRSA-related BSI occurred in MRSA-colonized neonates, as compared with zero in noncolonized group (p < 0.0001). Overall, 7 (30%) of the 23 neonates colonized during hospitalization developed MRSA BSI as compared with 1 of the 31 (3%) neonates colonized at admission (p = 0.007). Direct screening cost was $208 per patient. Since 28 neonates had to be screened to detect one colonization, $5,824 estimated per detection, excluding indirect costs.

Conclusions MRSA surveillance may protect non-MRSA colonized neonates from becoming colonized. This is of considerable importance because the acquisition of colonization during hospitalization was associated with a 10-fold increase in risk of developing MRSA BSI. Cost-effectiveness of MRSA surveillance remains debatable and further studies are needed to delineate cost-benefit ratio.

Keywords

MRSA - NICU - cohorting - surveillance - colonized - bloodstream infection
 

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