Self-Assessment Questions

This section provides a review. Mark each statement on the Answer Sheet according to the factual materials contained in this issue and the opinions of the authors.

Article One (pp. 3–10)

1. The international standard that defines how stimulus levels for acoustic transients should be measured is by which standardization organization?

   • International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

   • International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

   • American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

   • CENELEC

2. The international standard that lists the reference equivalent sound pressure levels for acoustic transients was created and published by which standardization organization?

   • ISO

   • IEC

   • ANSI

   • CENELEC

3. When determining the level of a transient, which of the following values will be the largest numerically?

   • Slow exponential time-weighted sound level

   • Baseline-to-peak peak equivalent sound pressure level

   • Peak-to-peak peak equivalent sound pressure level

   • Peak sound pressure level

4. You measure the peak equivalent sound pressure level, and the baseline to peak sound pressure level is 6 dB less than the peak-to-peak peak-equivalent sound pressure level. How do you explain these results?

   • This is a highly resonant acoustic system.

   • The acoustic system is critically damped.

   • This must be a chirp.

   • This is not possible and must be an error.

5. The phenomenon where thresholds increase as stimuli are reduced in duration is known as

   • temporal integration

   • gap detection

   • informational masking

   • Brownian motion

   Article Two (pp. 11–28)

6. What are the quantities included when we discuss immittance?

   • Admittance and emittance

   • Admittance and impedance

   • Emittance and resistance

   • Susceptance and connectance

7. How are power reflectance and absorbance related?

   • Reflectance = 1/absorbance

   • Absorbance = the square of the reflectance

   • Absorbance = 1 − reflectance

   • Reflectance = 1 + absorbance

8. Why are tympanograms often done at 226 Hz?

   • February 26 is James Jerger's birthday.

   • There is a simple relationship between admittance and impedance at that frequency.

   • There is a simple relationship between admittance magnitude and equivalent volume at that frequency.

   • It is easy to build sound sources that produce tones at that frequency.

9. How can tympanograms at 226 Hz correct for the presence of the ear canal?

   • Pressurization of the ear canal rigidifies the canal walls such that the measured immittance is that of the eardrum.

   • Pressurization of the ear canal rigidifies the eardrum such that the measured immittance is that of the ear canal.

   • At that frequency the impedance of the ear canal is negligible.

   • At that frequency the impedance of the eardrum is negligible.

10. Contraction of the stapes muscle may result in

    • a change in aural impedance

    • a change in aural admittance

    • a change in ear canal reflectance

    • a change in ear canal absorbance

    • all of the above

    • none of the above

    Article Three (pp. 29–47)

11. ANSI standards are typically reaffirmed, revised, or withdrawn every

    • 6 months

    • 2 years

    • 5 years

    • 10 years

12. The harmonization of standards means

    • several standards sound good together

    • national and international standards are technically equivalent

    • the standards are numbered sequentially

    • standards are incompatible

13. The hearing aid standards ANSI S3.22 (2009) and IEC 60118-7 (2005) utilize

    • an artificial mastoid

    • A 2-cm³ coupler

    • a 6-cm³ coupler

    • Knowles electronic manikin for acoustic research (KEMAR)

14. A telephone magnetic field simulator fixture simulates

    • a laptop computer magnetic field

    • the magnetic field produced by a telephone handset

    • the magnetic field produced by an artificial mastoid

    • the magnetic field produced by an audiometer

15. Which of the following can be used to simulate the effect of the human head and torso for use in testing the performance of hearing aids?

    • KEMAR

    • Kim Kardashian

    • An artificial mastoid

    • An artificial mouth

    Article Four (pp. 48–74)

16. Video goggles use

    • color cameras

    • black-and-white/infrared-sensitive cameras

    • multimode cameras

    • none of the above

17. Water caloric irrigators

    • heat water as it exits the tip

    • uses temperature-controlled water from the faucet

    • heats water and stores it internally

    • cools water to proper temperature

18. Flow rate is measured with

    • graduated cylinder

    • anemometer

    • RTD sensor

    • Styrofoam cup

19. Calibration angles for videonystagmography

    • depends on distance from patient to target

    • depends on distance target moves from center

    • requires ocular motility

    • all of the above

20. Standard infection prevention methods include

    • ensuring clean (decontaminated) surfaces and fluids in the vestibular laboratory

    • using protective barriers to mitigate transmission of infectious agents

    • managing activities to limit the spread of potential pathogens

    • all of the above