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DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1546010
Umgang mit der Beugekontraktur in der primären Knieendoprothetik
Management of Flexion Contracture in Primary Total Knee ArthroplastyPublication History
Publication Date:
26 June 2015 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand des Beitrags sind Ursachen, klinische Relevanz und operative Techniken in der Knieendoprothetik bei Vorliegen einer Beugekontraktur. Die Beugekontraktur ist eine häufige Deformität des arthrotischen Kniegelenks. Die verminderte Streckfähigkeit des Kniegelenks kann durch verschiedene Faktoren ausgelöst werden. Prinzipiell handelt es sich um ein Mismatch zwischen Beugespalt und Streckspalt. Mittlere und schwere Beugekontrakturen müssen durch zusätzliche chirurgische Techniken korrigiert werden. Hierzu gehören Weichteiltechniken mit dem Release kontrakter Strukturen, die Entfernung von Osteophyten und die zusätzliche Resektion am distalen Femur. Ziel dieser Techniken ist die volle Streckfähigkeit des Kniegelenks. Während der Rehabilitationsphase muss die Korrektur durch intensive detonisierende Physiotherapie gesichert werden. Eine verbleibende Beugekontraktur nach KTEP führt zu schlechten funktionellen Ergebnissen und persistierenden Schmerzen.
Abstract
Flexion contracture is a common deformity of the arthritic knee. The present publication describes causes, clinical relevance and surgical technique in the presence of flexion contractures in total knee arthroplasty. Flexion contracture can be attributed to different causes. Basically it is a mismatch between flexion and extension gaps. Moderate and severe deformities have to be corrected by additional surgical interventions. In most cases soft tissue techniques with release of contracted structures, the removal of osteophytes and additional distal femoral bone resection are necessary. The goal of these interventions is to achieve full extension of the knee. During rehabilitation attention has to be paid to maintain it with intensive physical therapy. A remaining flexion contracture is associated with inferior functional outcome and persistent pain.
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